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Bitumen (asphalt or coal-tar pitch) is a material made up of organic liquids that are highly sticky, viscous, and waterproof. [1] Systems incorporating bituminous-based substrates are sometimes used to construct roofs, in the form of "roofing felt" or "roll roofing" products.
Concrete roofing is composed of concrete reinforced with fibers of some sort. Structural concrete can also be used for flat roof constructions. There are three main categories, precast/prestressed, cast-in-place and shell. There are many types of precast/prestressed concrete roofing. The following are the most common types. [8]
Bituminous geomembrane (BGM) is a type of geomembrane consisting of a reinforcing geotextile to provide mechanical strength and elastomeric bitumen (often called asphalt in U.S.) to provide impermeability. Other components such as sand, a glass fleece, and/or a polyester film can be incorporated into the layers of a BGM. [1]
Modified bitumen – Polymer modified bitumen membranes were developed in Europe in the mid-1960s and have been in common use throughout the United States since 1975. they are composed of one or more premanufactured sheets consisting of asphalt, reinforcing layers, and in some cases a surfacing is applied. During manufacture, plastics or ...
Barriers may be a coating or membrane applied to the exterior of the concrete. The coating may be asphalt, asphalt emulsion, a thinned asphalt called cutback asphalt, or an elastomer. [9] Membranes are rubberized asphalt or EPDM rubber. Rubberized products perform better because concrete sometimes develops cracks and the barrier does not crack ...
Chip seal products can be installed over gravel roads to eliminate the cost of grading, road roughness, dust, mud, and the cost of adding gravel lost from grading. Adding chip seal over gravel is about 25% of the price of resurfacing with asphalt, $170,000 for a 4-mile project done in Minnesota [6] compared to $760,000 had it been redone with ...
Tar paper is used as a roofing underlayment with asphalt, wood, shake, and other roof shingles as a form of intermediate bituminous waterproofing.It is sold in rolls of various widths, lengths, and thicknesses – 3-foot-wide (0.91 m) rolls, 50 or 100 feet (15 or 30 m) long and "15 lb" (7 kg) and "30 lb" (14 kg) weights are common in the U.S. – often marked with chalk lines at certain ...
Asphalt roll roofing or membrane is a roofing material commonly used for buildings that feature a low sloped roof pitch in North America. The material is based on the same materials used in asphalt shingles ; an organic felt or fiberglass mat, saturated with asphalt , and faced with granular stone aggregate.