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An optional feature of IPv6, the jumbo payload option in a Hop-By-Hop Options extension header, [8] allows the exchange of packets with payloads of up to one octet less than 4 GB (2 32 − 1 = 4 294 967 295 octets), by making use of a 32-bit length field. Packets with such payloads are called jumbograms.
Extension headers carry options that are used for special treatment of a packet in the network, e.g., for routing, fragmentation, and for security using the IPsec framework. Without special options, a payload must be less than 64 kB. With a Jumbo Payload option (in a Hop-By-Hop Options extension header), the payload must be less than 4 GB.
This is a list of the IP protocol numbers found in the field Protocol of the IPv4 header and the Next Header field of the IPv6 header. It is an identifier for the encapsulated protocol and determines the layout of the data that immediately follows the header. Both fields are eight bits wide.
With hop-by-hop transport, chunks of data are forwarded from node to node in a store-and-forward manner. As hop-by-hop transport involves not only the source and destination node, but rather some or all of the intermediate nodes as well, it allows data to be forwarded even if the path between source and destination is not permanently connected ...
ICMPv6 provides a minimal level of message integrity verification by the inclusion of a 16-bit checksum in its header. The checksum is calculated starting with a pseudo-header of IPv6 header fields according to the IPv6 standard, [6] which consists of the source and destination addresses, the packet length and the next header field, the latter of which is set to the value 58.
The support for IPv6 jumbograms required a redesign in all Transport Layer protocols. The jumbo payload option and the transport-layer modifications are described in RFC 2675. [ 1 ] Since after a number of years IPv6 jumbograms have not been widely deployed, some have proposed their removal from the standards.
Set to 1 if the options need to be copied into all fragments of a fragmented packet. Option Class: 2: A general options category. 0 is for control options, and 2 is for debugging and measurement. 1 and 3 are reserved. Option Number: 5: Specifies an option. Option Length: 8: Indicates the size of the entire option (including this field).
Under IPv4, a router that receives a network packet larger than the next hop's MTU has two options: drop the packet if the Don't Fragment (DF) flag bit is set in the packet's header and send an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) message which indicates the condition Fragmentation Needed (Type 3, Code 4), or fragment the packet and send it ...