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Mandibular prognathism, where teeth have almost reached their final, straight position by dental braces, making the prognathism more obvious. In humans, non-pathological maxillary and alveolar prognathism can occur due to normal variation among phenotypes.
Attachment methods may include bands, acrylic bites, or stainless steel crowns. Central to its function is a telescoping rod that permits the patient to open their mouth, while maintaining a fixed distance when closed. This fixed retraction pushes the lower jaw forward and repositions the upper arch, thereby rectifying the bite issue.
Ill-fitting dental fillings, crowns, appliances, retainers, or braces as well as misalignment of jaw fractures after a severe injury are also known to cause crowding. [26] Tumors of the mouth and jaw, thumb sucking, tongue thrusting, pacifier use beyond age three, and prolonged use of a bottle have also been identified.
For example, with clear braces, impressions of a patient's teeth are evaluated to create a series of trays, which fit to the patient's mouth almost like a protective mouthpiece. With some forms of braces, the brackets are placed in a special form that is customized to the patient's mouth, drastically reducing the application time.
Fixed appliances may provide greater mechanical control of the teeth; optimal treatment outcomes are improved by using fixed appliances. Fixed appliances may be used, for example, to rotate teeth if they do not fit the arch shape of the other teeth in the mouth, to adjust multiple teeth to different places, to change the tooth angle of teeth ...
A removable appliance is usually used by patients who have high degree of compliance with their orthodontic treatment. Fixed appliances are able to produce very accurate movement in the teeth [1] [2] Both fixed and removable functional appliances can be used to correct a malocclusion in three planes: Anterior-Posterior, Vertical and Transverse.
A palatal expander is a device in the field of orthodontics which is used to widen the upper jaw [1] so that the bottom and upper teeth will fit together better. [2] [3] This is a common orthodontic procedure. The use of an expander is most common in children and adolescents 8–18 years of age.
Orthognathic surgery (/ ˌ ɔːr θ ə ɡ ˈ n æ θ ɪ k /), also known as corrective jaw surgery or simply jaw surgery, is surgery designed to correct conditions of the jaw and lower face related to structure, growth, airway issues including sleep apnea, TMJ disorders, malocclusion problems primarily arising from skeletal disharmonies, and other orthodontic dental bite problems that cannot ...
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