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Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure). [1] Antihypertensive therapy seeks to prevent the complications of high blood pressure, such as stroke , heart failure, kidney failure and myocardial infarction .
Use appears safe in the latter part of pregnancy and it is not expected to cause problems during breastfeeding. [5] [6] It works by blocking the activation of β-and α-adrenergic receptors. [4] Labetalol was patented in 1966 and came into medical use in 1977. [7] It is available as a generic medication. [5]
Moxonidine is a new-generation alpha-2/imidazoline receptor agonist antihypertensive drug licensed for the treatment of mild to moderate essential hypertension. [5] [6] It may have a role when thiazides, beta-blockers, ACE inhibitors, and calcium channel blockers are not appropriate or have failed to control blood pressure.
Antihypertensive responses were significantly higher with nebivolol than with placebo in trials enrolling patient groups considered representative of the U.S. hypertensive population, in black people, and in those receiving concurrent treatment with other antihypertensive drugs.
The antihypertensive activity of hydralazine was discovered by scientists at Ciba, who were trying to discover drugs to treat malaria; it was initially called C-5968 and 1-hydrazinophthalazine; Ciba's patent application was filed in 1945 and issued in 1949, [19] [20] [21] and the first scientific publications of its blood pressure-lowering ...
Contraindications to breastfeeding are those conditions that could compromise the health of the infant if breast milk from their mother is consumed. Examples include galactosemia , untreated HIV , untreated active tuberculosis , Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 or II , uses illicit drugs , or mothers undergoing chemotherapy or radiation treatment .
The antihypertensive actions of reserpine are largely due to its antinoradrenergic effects, which are a result of its ability to deplete catecholamines (among other monoamine neurotransmitters) from peripheral sympathetic nerve endings. These substances are normally involved in controlling heart rate, force of cardiac contraction and peripheral ...