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TrimSpa was a dietary supplement designed for weight loss, marketed by the company Goen Technologies and headed by Alexander Szynalski. [1] The ephedra-based supplement was marketed by TrimSpa to help "stave off hunger", [2] until ephedra was banned from the United States. TrimSpa's parent company, Goen Technologies, filed for bankruptcy ...
In the United States, it is illegal to market products containing ephedrine or ephedra alkaloids as a dietary supplement. [1] In 2004, ephedra , a botanical source of ephedrine alkaloids, was banned by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration due to serious safety concerns, injuries, and deaths linked to ephedra-containing supplements.
Ephedra is widely used by athletes as a performance-enhancing drug, [13] despite a lack of evidence that it improves athletic performance. [14] [15] Ephedra may also be used as a precursor in the illicit manufacture of methamphetamine. [16] Ephedra has been used as a weight-loss aid, sometimes in combination with aspirin and caffeine.
Ephedrine Sulphate (1932), Ephedrine Compound (1932), and Swan-Myers Ephedrine Inhalant No. 66 (circa 1940).Ephedrine is a non-catecholamine sympathomimetic with cardiovascular effects similar to those of adrenaline/epinephrine: increased blood pressure, heart rate, and contractility.
[20] [17] Ephedrine (and related compounds that are also active ingredients in ephedra preparations) exert their effects by acting directly and indirectly as adrenergic agonists. [ 21 ] The discontinued drug 2,4-dinitrophenol works by increasing energy expenditure by decreasing the efficiency of mitochondria ( uncoupling agent ). [ 18 ]
Metabolife's best-selling product, an ephedra supplement called Metabolife 356, once generated hundreds of millions of dollars in annual sales. [1] However, Metabolife 356 and other ephedra-containing supplements were linked to thousands of serious adverse events , including deaths, which caused the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to ...
Ephedrine, one of the most well-known selective NRAs.. A norepinephrine releasing agent (NRA), also known as an adrenergic releasing agent, is a catecholaminergic type of drug that induces the release of norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) from the pre-synaptic neuron into the synapse.
Methylhexanamine (also known as methylhexamine, 1,3-dimethylamylamine, 1,3-DMAA, dimethylamylamine, and DMAA; trade names Forthane and Geranamine) is an indirect sympathomimetic drug invented and developed by Eli Lilly and Company and marketed as an inhaled nasal decongestant from 1948 until it was voluntarily withdrawn from the market in the 1980s.