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  2. Matrix decomposition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_decomposition

    Decomposition: = where C is an m-by-r full column rank matrix and F is an r-by-n full row rank matrix Comment: The rank factorization can be used to compute the Moore–Penrose pseudoinverse of A , [ 2 ] which one can apply to obtain all solutions of the linear system A x = b {\displaystyle A\mathbf {x} =\mathbf {b} } .

  3. LU decomposition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LU_decomposition

    For human readers however, his equations are best transformed into standard matrix notation. To obtain from a full matrix A triangle matrices U and L calculations start by copying top row and leftmost column of A respectively into corresponding positions of matrices U and L.

  4. Factorization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factorization

    In mathematics, factorization (or factorisation, see English spelling differences) or factoring consists of writing a number or another mathematical object as a product of several factors, usually smaller or simpler objects of the same kind. For example, 3 × 5 is an integer factorization of 15, and (x – 2)(x + 2) is a polynomial ...

  5. Cholesky decomposition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cholesky_decomposition

    In linear algebra, the Cholesky decomposition or Cholesky factorization (pronounced / ʃ ə ˈ l ɛ s k i / shə-LES-kee) is a decomposition of a Hermitian, positive-definite matrix into the product of a lower triangular matrix and its conjugate transpose, which is useful for efficient numerical solutions, e.g., Monte Carlo simulations.

  6. Completing the square - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Completing_the_square

    Given a quadratic polynomial of the form + + it is possible to factor out the coefficient a, and then complete the square for the resulting monic polynomial. Example: + + = [+ +] = [(+) +] = (+) + = (+) + This process of factoring out the coefficient a can further be simplified by only factorising it out of the first 2 terms.

  7. Matrix factorization of a polynomial - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matrix_factorization_of_a...

    In mathematics, a matrix factorization of a polynomial is a technique for factoring irreducible polynomials with matrices. David Eisenbud proved that every multivariate real-valued polynomial p without linear terms can be written as AB = pI , where A and B are square matrices and I is the identity matrix . [ 1 ]

  8. Modular group - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Modular_group

    Other important quotients are the (2, 3, n) triangle groups, which correspond geometrically to descending to a cylinder, quotienting the x coordinate modulo n, as T n = (z ↦ z + n). (2, 3, 5) is the group of icosahedral symmetry, and the (2, 3, 7) triangle group (and associated tiling) is the cover for all Hurwitz surfaces.

  9. Rank factorization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rank_factorization

    Every finite-dimensional matrix has a rank decomposition: Let be an matrix whose column rank is . Therefore, there are r {\textstyle r} linearly independent columns in A {\textstyle A} ; equivalently, the dimension of the column space of A {\textstyle A} is r {\textstyle r} .