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  2. Petrifaction in mythology and fiction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrifaction_in_mythology...

    This created the Hunzahúa Well. When Hunzahúa saw what his mother had done, and the Muisca protesting against his incest, he damned Hunza and the surrounding valley. Noncetá gave birth to a son in Susa, but the young boy turned into a rock. The sad couple traveled further, to the Tequendama Falls. Here, they changed into two rocks at either ...

  3. List of fictional elements, materials, isotopes and subatomic ...

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_fictional_elements...

    One of three stable transuranic elements predicted by the new science of nucleonics in James P. Hogan's Giants series. Not naturally occurring outside of neutron stars, but trace amounts are created at the detonation of nucleonic weapons. Bureaucratium Scientific in-joke: Similar to Administratium and variation of the joke.

  4. Neptunism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptunism

    Abraham Gottlob Werner (1749–1817), the founder of neptunism. Neptunism is a superseded scientific theory of geology proposed by Abraham Gottlob Werner (1749–1817) in the late 18th century, who proposed that rocks formed from the crystallisation of minerals in the early Earth's oceans.

  5. Magma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magma

    Magma (from Ancient Greek μάγμα (mágma) 'thick unguent') [1] is the molten or semi-molten natural material from which all igneous rocks are formed. [2] Magma (sometimes colloquially but incorrectly referred to as lava ) is found beneath the surface of the Earth , and evidence of magmatism has also been discovered on other terrestrial ...

  6. Phenocryst - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenocryst

    A phenocryst is an early forming, relatively large and usually conspicuous crystal distinctly larger than the grains of the rock groundmass of an igneous rock. Such rocks that have a distinct difference in the size of the crystals are called porphyries, and the adjective porphyritic is used to describe them.

  7. Stalagmite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stalagmite

    Image showing the six most common speleothems The "Witch’s Finger" in the Carlsbad Caverns, New Mexico. A stalagmite (UK: / ˈ s t æ l ə ɡ ˌ m aɪ t /, US: / s t ə ˈ l æ ɡ m aɪ t /; from Greek σταλαγμίτης (stalagmítēs); from Ancient Greek σταλαγμίας (stalagmías) 'dropping, trickling' and -ίτης (-ítēs) 'one connected to, a member of') [1] is a type of ...

  8. Boxwork - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boxwork

    Boxwork in Wind Cave, South Dakota. In geology, boxwork is defined as a honeycomb-like structure that can form in some fractured or jointed sedimentary rocks. If the fractures in the host rock are mineralized, they can become more resistant to weathering than the surrounding rock, and subsequent erosion can produce boxwork structures.

  9. Scapolite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scapolite

    In one case the feldspar is replaced by quartz and white mica (in greisen) or quartz and tourmaline (in schorl rocks); in the other case scapolite is the principal new product. The analogy is a very close one, and this theory receives much support from the fact that in Canada (at various places in Ottawa and Ontario) there are numerous valuable ...