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Plaque build-up often doesn’t cause symptoms, but it can block blood flow to vital organs like your heart. Coronary artery disease occurs when atherosclerosis affects the arteries supplying ...
An atheroma, or atheromatous plaque, is an abnormal accumulation of material in the inner layer of an arterial wall. [1] [2]The material consists of mostly macrophage cells, [3] [4] or debris, containing lipids, calcium and a variable amount of fibrous connective tissue.
Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, immune cells, calcium, and other substances found in the blood. [10] [9] The narrowing of arteries limits the flow of oxygen-rich blood to parts of the body. [10] Diagnosis is based upon a physical exam, electrocardiogram, and exercise stress test, among others. [13]
These can form a plaque that can lead to atherosclerosis and trigger myocardial infarction and stroke. [1] [2] [3] Foam cells are fat-laden cells with a M2 macrophage-like phenotype. They contain low density lipoproteins (LDL) and can be rapidly detected by examining a fatty plaque under a microscope after it is removed from the body. [4]
A 2021 study by Northwestern researchers found that smokers were more likely to die from cardiovascular diseases like heart attacks, strokes, and heart failure, than lung cancer. Excessive alcohol ...
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Arteriosclerosis, literally meaning "hardening of the arteries", is an umbrella term for a vascular disorder characterized by abnormal thickening, hardening, and loss of elasticity [3] of the walls of arteries; [4] this process gradually restricts the blood flow to one's organs and tissues and can lead to severe health risks brought on by atherosclerosis, which is a specific form of ...
Oral leukoplakia is a gray patch or plaque that develops in the oral cavity and is strongly associated with smoking. [8] Leukoplakia is a firmly attached white patch on a mucous membrane which is associated with increased risk of cancer. [4] [5] The edges of the lesion are typically abrupt and the lesion changes with time.