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Clarithromycin, sold under the brand name Biaxin among others, is an antibiotic used to treat various bacterial infections. [3] This includes strep throat, pneumonia, skin infections, H. pylori infection, and Lyme disease, among others. [3] Clarithromycin can be taken by mouth as a tablet or liquid or can be infused intravenously. [3]
[1] [4] It contains vonoprazan (as the fumarate), a potassium-competitive acid blocker; amoxicillin, a beta-lactam antibiotic; and clarithromycin, a macrolide antibiotic. [ 1 ] [ 4 ] It was approved for medical use in Japan in 2016, [ 3 ] and in the United States in May 2022.
Tetracyclines are generally used in the treatment of infections of the urinary tract, respiratory tract, and the intestines and are also used in the treatment of chlamydia, especially in patients allergic to β-lactams and macrolides; however, their use for these indications is less popular than it once was due to widespread development of resistance in the causative organisms.
The macrolide ring is the lactone (cyclic ester) at upper left. Clarithromycin Roxithromycin. Macrolides are a class of mostly natural products with a large macrocyclic lactone ring to which one or more deoxy sugars, usually cladinose and desosamine, may be attached. The lactone rings are usually 14-, 15-, or 16-membered.
After significant safety concerns, the US Food and Drug Administration sharply curtailed the approved uses of the drug in early 2007. Telithromycin is a semi-synthetic erythromycin derivative. It is created by substituting a ketogroup for the cladinose sugar and adding a carbamate ring in the lactone ring.
In areas of low clarithromycin resistance, including the United States, a 14-day course of "triple therapy" with an oral proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin 500 mg, and amoxicillin 1 g (or, if penicillin allergic, metronidazole 500 mg), all given twice daily for 14 days, is recommended for first-line therapy. This regimen can achieve rates of ...
Possible side effects [4] Mechanism of action Aminoglycosides; Amikacin: Amikin: Infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli and Klebsiella particularly Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Effective against aerobic bacteria (not obligate/facultative anaerobes) and tularemia. All aminoglycosides are ineffective when taken orally as ...
Roxithromycin is a semi-synthetic macrolide antibiotic.It is used to treat respiratory tract, urinary and soft tissue infections. Roxithromycin is derived from erythromycin, containing the same 14-membered lactone ring. but with an N-oxime side chain attached to the ring.