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Insecure direct object reference (IDOR) is a type of access control vulnerability in digital security. [ 1 ] This can occur when a web application or application programming interface uses an identifier for direct access to an object in an internal database but does not check for access control or authentication .
The Java software platform provides a number of features designed for improving the security of Java applications. This includes enforcing runtime constraints through the use of the Java Virtual Machine (JVM), a security manager that sandboxes untrusted code from the rest of the operating system, and a suite of security APIs that Java developers can utilise.
Log4Shell (CVE-2021-44228) is a zero-day vulnerability reported in November 2021 in Log4j, a popular Java logging framework, involving arbitrary code execution. [2] [3] The vulnerability had existed unnoticed since 2013 and was privately disclosed to the Apache Software Foundation, of which Log4j is a project, by Chen Zhaojun of Alibaba Cloud's security team on 24 November 2021.
This type of vulnerability would be bad enough if it was limited to just one product or brand. But because Log4j is such a ubiquitous technology, the effect of this will be exponentially higher.
The precision of SAST tool is determined by its scope of analysis and the specific techniques used to identify vulnerabilities. Different levels of analysis include: function level - sequences of instruction. file or class-level - an extensible program-code-template for object creation. application level - a program or group of programs that ...
The feature causing the vulnerability could be disabled with a configuration setting, which had been removed [51] in Log4j version 2.15.0-rc1 (officially released on December 6, 2021, three days before the vulnerability was published), and replaced by various settings restricting remote lookups, thereby mitigating the vulnerability.
However, trusting non-validated user data can frequently lead to critical vulnerabilities [15] such as server-side Side Template Injections. While this vulnerability is similar to cross-site scripting, template injection can be leveraged to execute code on the web server rather than in a visitor's browser. It abuses a common workflow of web ...
Cross-site scripting (XSS) [a] is a type of security vulnerability that can be found in some web applications. XSS attacks enable attackers to inject client-side scripts into web pages viewed by other users. A cross-site scripting vulnerability may be used by attackers to bypass access controls such as the same-origin policy.