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The heart failure is due to the size of the arteriovenous shunt that can steal 80% or more of the cardiac output, with large volumes of blood under high pressure returning to the right heart and pulmonary circulation and sinus venosus atrial septal defects. [4] [5] It is also the most common cause of death in such patients. [6]
The reduced blood flow through the umbilical vein at birth will collapse and close the ductus venosus. Hence, the IVC will only carry deoxygenated blood from the infant's organs and lower extremities. Second, as the infant breathes, the lungs will expand and fill the alveoli with oxygen.
It takes place in normal pregnancies as well as when there are obstetric or trauma related complications to pregnancy. Normally the maternal circulation and the fetal circulation are kept from direct contact with each other, with gas and nutrient exchange taking place across a membrane in the placenta made of two layers, the syncytiotrophoblast ...
The superior thalamic vein (Latin: vena superioris thalami), initially called by Benno Shlesinger in 1976 the principal thalamic vein (vena principalis thalami) or centro-medial thalamic vein (vena centro-medialis thalami), also called by Russian surgeon Pirogoff internal thalamic vein (vena interioris thalami) is the most prominent vein of the thalamus.
The failure of the circulatory system of the newborn to adapt to these changes by lowering PVR leads to persistent fetal circulation. [2] The newborn is therefore born with elevated PVR, which leads to pulmonary hypertension. Because of this, the condition is also widely known as persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn (PPHN). [3]
Absence of the great cerebral vein is a congenital disorder.The deep cerebral veins of the brain normally drain through the great cerebral vein. In its absence, the veins from the diencephalon and the basal ganglia drain laterally into the transverse sinus instead of conjoining in the midline through the Galenic drainage system. [8]
Sheehan's syndrome, also known as postpartum pituitary gland necrosis, occurs when the pituitary gland is damaged due to significant blood loss and hypovolemic shock (ischemic necrosis) or stroke, originally described during or after childbirth leading to decreased functioning of the pituitary gland (hypopituitarism). [1]
The subgaleal space is capable of holding up to 40% of a newborn baby's blood and can therefore result in acute shock and death. Fluid bolus may be required if blood loss is significant and the patient becomes tachycardic. Transfusion and phototherapy may be necessary. Investigation for coagulopathy may be indicated. [citation needed]