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An abyssal hill is a small hill that rises from the floor of an abyssal plain. They are the most abundant geomorphic structures on Earth, covering more than 30% of the ocean floor. [1] Abyssal hills have relatively sharply defined edges and climb to heights of no more than a few hundred meters.
Abyssal plains are key geologic elements of oceanic basins (the other elements being an elevated mid-ocean ridge and flanking abyssal hills). In addition to these elements, active oceanic basins (those that are associated with a moving plate tectonic boundary) also typically include an oceanic trench and a subduction zone.
An abyssal plain is an underwater plain on the deep ocean floor, usually found at depths between 3,000 and 6,000 metres (9,800 and 19,700 ft).Lying generally between the foot of a continental rise and a mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plains cover more than 50% of the Earth's surface.
The elements of an active and growing oceanic basin include an elevated mid-ocean ridge, flanking abyssal hills leading down to abyssal plains and an oceanic trench. Changes in biodiversity, floodings and other climate variations are linked to sea-level, and are reconstructed with different models and observations (e.g., age of oceanic crust ...
This glossary of geography terms is a list of definitions of terms and concepts used in geography and related fields, including Earth science, oceanography, cartography, and human geography, as well as those describing spatial dimension, topographical features, natural resources, and the collection, analysis, and visualization of geographic ...
The shelf usually ends at a point of increasing slope [3] (called the shelf break).The sea floor below the break is the continental slope. [4] Below the slope is the continental rise, which finally merges into the deep ocean floor, the abyssal plain. [5]
The abyssal zone or abyssopelagic zone is a layer of the pelagic zone of the ocean. The word abyss comes from the Greek word ἄβυσσος ( ábussos ), meaning "bottomless". [ 1 ] At depths of 4,000–6,000 m (13,000–20,000 ft), [ 2 ] this zone remains in perpetual darkness.
The central sub-basin of the Madeira Abyssal Plain is relatively flat plain that is occasionally interrupted by small abyssal hills of a few hundred meters in height and draped by pelagic and hemipelagic sediments. These abyssal hills become more numerous to the north, south and west where they form the boundaries of the central sub-basin. [1 ...