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  2. Hindustani grammar - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_grammar

    Compound verbs, a highly visible feature of Hindi–Urdu grammar, consist of a verbal stem plus a light verb. The light verb (also called "subsidiary", "explicator verb", and "vector" [ 55 ] ) loses its own independent meaning and instead "lends a certain shade of meaning" [ 56 ] to the main or stem verb, which "comprises the lexical core of ...

  3. Hindustani etymology - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_etymology

    Hindustani, also known as Hindi-Urdu, is the vernacular form of two standardized registers used as official languages in India and Pakistan, namely Hindi and Urdu.It comprises several closely related dialects in the northern, central and northwestern parts of the Indian subcontinent but is mainly based on Khariboli of the Delhi region.

  4. History of Hindustani language - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Hindustani_language

    The term bazaar Hindustani, in other words, the 'street talk' or literally 'marketplace Hindustani', also known as Colloquial Hindi [a] or Simplified Urdu [b], has arisen to denote a colloquial register of the language that uses vocabulary common to both Hindi and Urdu while eschewing high-register and specialized Arabic or Sanskrit derived ...

  5. List of English words of Hindi or Urdu origin - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_English_words_of...

    This is a list of English-language words of Hindi and Urdu origin, two distinguished registers of the Hindustani language (Hindi-Urdu). Many of the Hindi and Urdu equivalents have originated from Sanskrit; see List of English words of Sanskrit origin.

  6. Hindustani vocabulary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_vocabulary

    Hindustani, also known as Hindi-Urdu, like all Indo-Aryan languages, has a core base of Sanskrit-derived vocabulary, which it gained through Prakrit. [1] As such the standardized registers of the Hindustani language (Hindi-Urdu) share a common vocabulary, especially on the colloquial level. [ 2 ]

  7. Old Hindi - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Hindi

    The term Old Hindi is a retrospectively coined term, to indicate the ancestor language of Modern Standard Hindi, which is an official language of India.The term Hindi literally means Indian in Classical Persian, and was also called Hindustani to denote that it was the language of Hindustan's capital during the Delhi Sultanate and Mughal Empire.

  8. Hindustani orthography - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hindustani_orthography

    As a result of schwa syncope, the correct Hindi pronunciation of many words differs from that expected from a literal rendering of Devanagari. For instance, राम is Rām (incorrect: Rāma ), रचना is Rachnā (incorrect: Rachanā ), वेद is Véd (incorrect: Véda ) and नमकीन is Namkeen (incorrect Namakeena ).

  9. Aṣṭādhyāyī - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aṣṭādhyāyī

    While not the first, the Aṣṭādhyāyī is the oldest linguistic and grammar text, and one of the oldest Sanskrit texts, surviving in its entirety. Pāṇini refers to older texts such as the Unādisūtra , Dhātupāṭha , and Gaṇapātha but some of these have only survived in part.