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Conservative treatment is a type of medical treatment defined by the avoidance of invasive measures such as surgery or other invasive procedures, [1] usually with the intent to preserve function or body parts. [2]
The most differentiated tumor would have the lowest score, Gleason 2 (1+1), while the most undifferentiated neoplasm (not resembling native prostate tissue) would have the highest score, Gleason 10 (5+5). Gleason scores range from 2 to 10; by definition there is no score of 0 or 1. [4] [7]
After surgery or radiation therapy, PSA may start to rise again, which is called biochemical recurrence if a certain threshold is met in PSA levels (typically 0.1 or 0.2 ng/ml for surgery). At 10 years of follow-up after surgery, there is an overall risk of biochemical recurrence of 30–50%, depending on the initial risk state, and salvage ...
In medicine (oncology and other fields), performance status is an attempt to quantify cancer patients' general well-being and activities of daily life. This measure is used to determine whether they can receive chemotherapy, whether dose adjustment is necessary, and as a measure for the required intensity of palliative care.
Prior to 1981, there existed limited evidence that breast-conserving surgery was an acceptable alternative to radical mastectomy for treatment of early stage breast cancer. Dr. Umberto Veronesi , an Italian oncologist, challenged this notion and led a clinical trial comparing the radical mastectomy with breast-conserving surgery (which was ...
50-59 years old: +1 point; 60-69 years old: +2 points; 70-79 years old: +3 points; 80 years old or more: +4 points; Scores are summed to provide a total score to predict mortality. Currently 17 categories are considered in the popular Charlson/Deyo variant, [7] instead of 19 in the original score. [8] The weights were also adapted in 2003. [9]
The original definition of emergency in 1940, when ASA classification was first designed, was "a surgical procedure which, in the surgeon's opinion, should be performed without delay," [1] but is now defined as "when [a] delay in treatment would significantly increase the threat to the patient's life or body part." [2]
Any score that is 'finer' than the propensity score is a balancing score (i.e.: () = (()) for some function ). The propensity score is the coarsest balancing score function, as it takes a (possibly) multidimensional object ( X i ) and transforms it into one dimension (although others, obviously, also exist), while b ( X ) = X {\displaystyle b(X ...