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These small regions of high intensity are observed on T2 weighted MRI images (typically created using 3D FLAIR) within cerebral white matter (white matter lesions, white matter hyperintensities or WMH) [1] [2] or subcortical gray matter (gray matter hyperintensities or GMH). The volume and frequency is strongly associated with increasing age. [2]
T2*-weighted imaging of the brain 26 weeks after subarachnoid hemorrhage, showing hemosiderin deposits as hypointense areas. [1] T 2 *-weighted imaging is an MRI sequence to quantify observable or effective T 2 (T2* or "T2-star"). In this sequence, hemorrhages and hemosiderin deposits become hypointense. [2]
Central pontine myelinolysis; Other names: Osmotic demyelination syndrome, central pontine demyelination: Axial fat-saturated T2-weighted image showing hyperintensity in the pons with sparing of the peripheral fibers, the patient was an alcoholic admitted with a serum Na of 101 treated with hypertonic saline, he was left with quadriparesis, dysarthria, and altered mental status
Fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) [2] is an inversion-recovery pulse sequence used to nullify the signal from fluids. For example, it can be used in brain imaging to suppress cerebrospinal fluid so as to bring out periventricular hyperintense lesions, such as multiple sclerosis plaques.
The hotcross bun sign is a radiologic sign observed on transverse T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images of the brain, describing a cross-shaped (or cruciform) hyperintensity within the pons. This sign is most commonly associated with the cerebellar subtype of multiple system atrophy (MSA-c). [1]
MRI shows hyperintensities on T2 weighted imaging, localized usually to the parietal and occipital regions. Treatment ...
Middle: ARIA-H with multiple microbleeds (T2* weighted) Right: ARIA-H with superficial siderosis (T2* weighted) Two non-exclusive mechanisms have been postulated. Firstly, in the context of aging and neurodegeneration, the integrity of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) can become compromised, resulting in increased permeability.
On MRI, it usually shows hyper or iso-intensity on T1-weighted images and heterogenous hyperintensities on T2 weighted images. Pleural schwannoma typically shows fatty degeneration, hemorrhage, perivascular hyalinization, and cystic formation thus giving heterogenous hyperintensities on T2 weighted images.