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11th dimension may refer to: 11-dimensional supergravity, a field theory that combines the principles of supersymmetry and general relativity. 11-dimensional spacetime, which appears in M-theory, a proposed "master theory" that unifies the five superstring theories Introduction to M-theory "11th Dimension" (song), by Julian Casablancas, 2009
In string theory, spacetime is ten-dimensional (nine spatial dimensions, and one time dimension), while in M-theory it is eleven-dimensional (ten spatial dimensions, and one time dimension). In order to describe real physical phenomena using these theories, one must therefore imagine scenarios in which these extra dimensions would not be ...
Supergravity was discovered in 1976 through the construction of pure four-dimensional supergravity with one gravitino. One important direction in the supergravity program was to try to construct four-dimensional = supergravity since this was an attractive candidate for a theory of everything, stemming from the fact that it unifies particles of all physically admissible spins into a single ...
Furthermore, he argued that M-theory's long wavelength limit, i.e. when the quantum wavelength associated to objects in the theory appear much larger than the size of the 11th dimension, needs 11-dimensional supergravity descriptors that fell out of favor with the first superstring revolution 10 years earlier, accompanied by the 2- and 5-branes.
However, for string theory to be mathematically consistent, the strings must live in a universe with ten dimensions. String theory explains our perception of the universe to have four dimensions (three space dimensions and one time dimension) by imagining that the extra six dimensions are "curled up", to be so small that they can't be observed ...
The symmetry of this supergravity theory is given by the supergroup OSp(1|32) which gives the subgroups O(1) for the bosonic symmetry and Sp(32) for the fermion symmetry. This is because spinors need 32 components in 11 dimensions. 11D supergravity can be compactified down to 4 dimensions which then has OSp(8|4) symmetry. (We still have 8 × 4 ...
A string theory with more gauge fields such as SU(2) gauge fields would then correspond to the compactification of some higher-dimensional theory above 11 dimensions, which is not thought to be possible to date. Furthermore, the tachyons attached to the D-branes show the instability of those D-branes with respect to the annihilation.
Supermembranes are hypothesized objects that live in the 11-dimensional theory called M-Theory and should also exist in eleven-dimensional supergravity. Supermembranes are a generalisation of superstrings to another dimension. Supermembranes are 2-dimensional surfaces. For example, they can be spherical or shaped like a torus.