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In the construction of masonry buildings, a fire cut [1] or fireman's cut is a diagonal chamfer of the end of a joist or beam where it enters a masonry wall. If the joist burns through somewhere along its length, damage to the wall is prevented as the fire cut allows the joist to fail and still leave the masonry wall standing.
Studs usually consist of 1 + 1 ⁄ 2-by-3 + 1 ⁄ 2-inch (38 mm × 89 mm) or 1 + 1 ⁄ 2-by-5 + 1 ⁄ 2-inch (38 mm × 140 mm) lumber and are commonly spaced at 16 inches (410 mm) on center. This spacing may be changed to 12 or 24 inches (300 or 610 mm) on center depending on the load and the limitations imposed by the type and thickness of the ...
A double floor is a floor framed with joists supported by larger timbers.. In traditional timber framing there may be a single set of joists which carry both a floor and ceiling called a single floor (single joist floor, single framed floor) or two sets of joists, one carrying the floor and another carrying the ceiling called a double floor (double framed floor).
Rim joists are not to be confused with end joists, which are the first and last joists at the ends of a row of joists that make up a floor or deck frame. A rim joist's relationship to the joists is similar to what the top or bottom wall plate is to the studs. It is also confusingly called a header (header also refers to other framing components ...
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Invented in 1969, the I-joist is an engineered wood product that has great strength in relation to its size and weight. The biggest notable difference from dimensional lumber is that the I-joist carries heavy loads with less lumber than a dimensional solid wood joist. [1] As of 2005, approximately 50% of all wood light framed floors used I-joists.
Timber design or wood design is a subcategory of structural engineering that focuses on the engineering of wood structures. Timber is classified by tree species (e.g., southern pine, douglas fir, etc.) and its strength is graded using numerous coefficients that correspond to the number of knots, the moisture content, the temperature, the grain ...
The waffle slab floor system has several advantages: Better for buildings that require less vibrations – this is managed by the two way joist reinforcements that form the grid. Bigger spans can be achieved with less material, being more economical and environmentally friendly; Some people find the waffle pattern aesthetically pleasing [4]