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  2. Development of the Hebrew Bible canon - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Development_of_the_Hebrew...

    The Book of Sirach provides evidence of a collection of sacred scriptures similar to portions of the Hebrew Bible. The book, which is dated to between 196 and 175 BCE [7] [8] (and is not included in the Jewish canon), includes a list of names of biblical figures in the same order as is found in the Torah (Law) and the Nevi'im (Prophets), and which includes the names of some men mentioned in ...

  3. Composition of the Torah - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Composition_of_the_Torah

    v. t. e. The composition of the Torah (or Pentateuch, the first five books of the Bible— Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy) was a process that involved multiple authors over an extended period of time. [1] While Jewish tradition holds that all five books were originally written by Moses sometime in the 2nd millennium BCE ...

  4. Torah - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torah

    e. The Torah (/ ˈtɔːrə / or / ˈtoʊrə /; [1] Biblical Hebrew: תּוֹרָה Tōrā, "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") is the compilation of the first five books of the Hebrew Bible, namely the books of Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and Deuteronomy. [2] In Christianity, the Torah is known as the Pentateuch (/ ˈpɛntətjuːk /) or ...

  5. Masoretic Text - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Masoretic_Text

    The final Masorah is located at the end of biblical books or after certain sections of the text, such as at the end of the Torah. It contains information and statistics regarding the number of words in a book or section, etc. Thus, Book of Leviticus 8:23 is the middle verse in the Pentateuch. The collation of manuscripts and the noting of their ...

  6. Dating the Bible - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dating_the_Bible

    Bible. The oldest surviving Hebrew Bible manuscripts, the Dead Sea Scrolls, date to c. the 2nd century BCE. Some of these scrolls are presently stored at the Shrine of the Book in Jerusalem. The oldest text of the entire Christian Bible, including the New Testament, is the Codex Sinaiticus dating from the 4th century CE, with its Old Testament ...

  7. Septuagint manuscripts - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Septuagint_manuscripts

    The earliest surviving manuscripts of the Septuagint (abbreviated as LXX meaning 70), an ancient (first centuries BCE) translation of the ancient Hebrew Torah into Koine Greek, include three 2nd century BCE fragments from the books of Leviticus and Deuteronomy (Rahlfs nos. 801, 819, and 957) and five 1st century BCE fragments of Genesis, Exodus ...

  8. Old Testament - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Testament

    v. t. e. The Old Testament (OT) is the first division of the Christian biblical canon, which is based primarily upon the 24 books of the Hebrew Bible, or Tanakh, a collection of ancient religious Hebrew and occasionally Aramaic writings by the Israelites. [1] The second division of Christian Bibles is the New Testament, written in Koine Greek.

  9. Documentary hypothesis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Documentary_hypothesis

    The documentary hypothesis (DH) is one of the models used by biblical scholars to explain the origins and composition of the Torah (or Pentateuch, the first five books of the Bible: Genesis, Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy). [4] A version of the documentary hypothesis, frequently identified with the German scholar Julius Wellhausen ...