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  2. Production part approval process - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_part_approval...

    The PPAP process is designed to demonstrate that a supplier has developed their design and production process to meet the client's requirements, minimizing the risk of failure by effective use of APQP. Requests for part approval must therefore be supported in official PPAP format and with documented results when needed.

  3. Purchase price allocation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purchase_price_allocation

    Purchase price allocation. Purchase price allocation (PPA) is an application of goodwill accounting whereby one company (the acquirer), when purchasing a second company (the target), allocates the purchase price into various assets and liabilities acquired from the transaction. In the United States, the process of conducting a PPA is typically ...

  4. Power purchase agreement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_purchase_agreement

    A power purchase agreement (PPA), or electricity power agreement, is a long-term contract between an electricity generator and a customer, usually a utility, government or company. [1][2] PPAs may last anywhere between 5 and 20 years, during which time the power purchaser buys energy at a pre-negotiated price. Such agreements play a key role in ...

  5. Total factor productivity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_factor_productivity

    Total factor productivity is a measure of productive efficiency in that it measures how much output can be produced from a certain amount of inputs. It accounts for part of the differences in cross-country per-capita income. [2] For relatively small percentage changes, the rate of TFP growth can be estimated by subtracting growth rates of labor ...

  6. Factors of production - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factors_of_production

    The utilized amounts of the various inputs determine the quantity of output according to the relationship called the production function. There are four basic resources or factors of production: land, labour, capital and entrepreneur (or enterprise). [1] The factors are also frequently labeled " producer goods or services " to distinguish them ...

  7. Production function - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Production_function

    Graph of total, average, and marginal product. In economics, a production function gives the technological relation between quantities of physical inputs and quantities of output of goods. The production function is one of the key concepts of mainstream neoclassical theories, used to define marginal product and to distinguish allocative ...

  8. Industrial and production engineering - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Industrial_and_Production...

    Manufacturing engineers develop and create physical artifacts, production processes, and technology. It is a very broad area which includes the design and development of products. Manufacturing engineering is considered to be a sub-discipline of industrial engineering/systems engineering and has very strong overlaps with mechanical engineering ...

  9. Engineering economics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engineering_economics

    e. Engineering economics, previously known as engineering economy, is a subset of economics concerned with the use and "...application of economic principles" [1] in the analysis of engineering decisions. [2] As a discipline, it is focused on the branch of economics known as microeconomics in that it studies the behavior of individuals and ...