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The First Anglo–Powhatan War lasted from 1609 to 1614 between the Powhatans and the colonists. [6] De La Warr sent George Percy and James Davis with 70 men to attack the Paspahegh town on August 9, 1610, burning houses and cutting down cornfields. They killed between 15 and 75 villagers and captured one of Wowinchopunk's wives and her two ...
The war in Europe against the French Empire under Napoleon ensured that the British did not consider the War of 1812 against the United States as more than a sideshow. [281] Britain's blockade of French trade had worked and the Royal Navy was the world's dominant nautical power (and remained so for another century).
The Civil War of 1812: American Citizens, British Subjects, Irish Rebels, & Indian Allies (2010) Taylor, George Rogers, ed. The War of 1812: Past Justifications and Present Interpretations (1963) online free; Trautsch, Jasper M. "The Causes of the War of 1812: 200 Years of Debate," Journal of Military History (Jan 2013) 77#1 pp 273–293
Beginning of Third Anglo-Powhatan War: Virginia: Powhatan (Pamunkey) killed more than 400 English settlers throughout the Virginia colony, about 4 percent of the English population of the Jamestown colony, in a second effort to push the English out of Virginia. 400+ (English) [36] 1644: March: Pound Ridge Massacre: New York
A group of congressmen, known as the "War Hawks", were a key driving force of the War of 1812. [9] The War Hawks efforts ultimately persuaded President James Madison to declare war on the United Kingdom. [9] This young group, composed of mainly people from Southern and Western States was led by Henry Clay and John C. Calhoun.
The historiography of the War of 1812 reflects the numerous interpretations of the conflict, especially in reference to the war's outcome. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The historical record has interpreted both the British and Americans as victors in the conflict, with substantial academic and popular literature published to support each claim.
Overall, Tecumseh's confederacy played a crucial role in causing the War of 1812, and in early operations in the west. In 1812, Tecumseh's warriors, as shock troops, assisted a small force of 700 British regulars and Canadian militia to force the surrender of 2,500 American soldiers, by threatening to massacre any captives of the Siege of Detroit.
Opechancanough led the Powhatan in the second and third Anglo-Powhatan Wars, including the Indian massacre of 1622. In 1646, the aged Opechancanough was captured by English colonists and taken to Jamestown , where he was killed by a settler assigned to guard him.