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The languages spoken in Galilee and Judea during the first century include the Semitic Aramaic and Hebrew languages as well as Greek, with Aramaic being the predominant language. [12] [13] Most scholars agree that during the early part of the first century Aramaic was the mother tongue of virtually all natives of Galilee and Judea. [14]
The books of the Christian New Testament are widely agreed to have originally been written in Greek, specifically Koine Greek, even though some authors often included translations from Hebrew and Aramaic texts. Certainly the Pauline Epistles were written in Greek for Greek-speaking audiences.
In other parts of the New Testament, the Ethiopian translation represents an early Byzantine text-type. In the 12th to 14th centuries, the Ethiopian translation was harmonized with the Arabic text-type. [75] Over three hundred manuscripts containing one or more books of the New Testament have been preserved.
The majority of New Testament textual criticism deals with Greek manuscripts because the scholarly opinion is that the original books of the New Testament were written in Greek. The text of the New Testament is also found both translated in manuscripts of many different languages (called versions ) and quoted in manuscripts of the writings of ...
The New Testament was written in Koine Greek [3] reporting speech originally in Aramaic, Greek and Latin (see Language of the New Testament). The autographs, the Greek manuscripts written by the original authors or collators, have not survived. Scholars surmise the original Greek text from the manuscripts that do survive.
In attempting to determine the original text of the New Testament books, some modern textual critics have identified sections as additions of material, centuries after the gospel was written. These are called interpolations. In modern translations of the Bible, the results of textual criticism have led to certain verses, words and phrases being ...