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Common descent is a concept in evolutionary biology applicable when one species is the ancestor of two or more species later in time. According to modern evolutionary biology, all living beings could be descendants of a unique ancestor commonly referred to as the last universal common ancestor (LUCA) of all life on Earth.
All organisms are adapted to their environment to a greater or lesser extent. If the abiotic and biotic factors within a habitat are capable of supporting a particular species in one geographic area, then one might assume that the same species would be found in a similar habitat in a similar geographic area, e.g. in Africa and South America ...
In many cases of interspecies friendship, the species are not normally seen together, and sometimes, one is of a species that ordinarily preys on the other in nature. [ 2 ] The concept of interspecies friendship is similar to that of mutualism in that two individuals from different species exist in a relationship where each organism benefits ...
Shrews are also fairly common, and the smallest, the pygmy shrew, is one of the smallest mammals in the world. There are also seventeen species of bat found in Britain: the pipistrelle is the smallest and the most common. Rodents are also numerous across Britain, particularly the brown rat which is by far the most abundant urban mammal after ...
Each "species" of lichen is make of different fungi and algae species, thus each has to come about independently. [199] [200] [201] Parental care came about independently in: mammals, most birds, some insects, some fish and crocodilians. [202] [203]
Terms that are sometimes used synonymously but have more precise meanings are cryptic species for two or more species hidden under one species name, sibling species for two (or more) species that are each other's closest relative, and species flock for a group of closely related species that live in the same habitat.
Sympatric speciation is the formation of two or more descendant species from a single ancestral species all occupying the same geographic location. Often-cited examples of sympatric speciation are found in insects that become dependent on different host plants in the same area. [38] [39]
The tallest species are the Douglas firs; two specimens have been recorded measuring 65 metres or 212 feet. [73] The Fortingall Yew in Perthshire is the oldest tree in Europe. [74] There are at least 1,500 different species of wildflower. [75] Some 107 species are particularly rare or vulnerable and are protected by the Wildlife and Countryside ...