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English: 1904 map showing separate administrative units, governorships,and geographic regions of Little Russia, South Russia and West Russia within the Russian Empire prior to Ukraine's independence 1917-1921.
The Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR) [d] [e] was a short-lived state in Eastern Europe.Prior to its proclamation, the Central Council of Ukraine was elected in March 1917 as a result of the February Revolution, and in June, it declared Ukrainian autonomy within Russia.
Ukraine, with its rich natural resources and strategic location, was a key focus of these plans. Ukraine became a major center for heavy industry, particularly in coal mining, steel production, and machine building. Cities like Kharkiv, Dnipropetrovsk (now Dnipro), and Stalino (now Donetsk) were transformed into industrial hubs. The rapid ...
The elections were conducted by the Electoral Bureau of the General Secretary of Internal Affairs directed by Mykhailo Kovenko. The Universal proclaimed that the Constituent Assembly's 301 deputies were to be elected by a direct universal, equal and secret vote on the basis of proportional representation of 1 deputy per 100,000 constituents.
The Kiev Bolshevik Uprising (November 8–13, 1917) was a military struggle for power in Kiev after the fall of the Russian Provisional Government in the October Revolution. It ended in victory for the Kievan Committee of the Bolshevik Party and the Central Rada .
Elections to the All-Ukrainian Constituent Assembly were scheduled for December, before the election of which all power belonged to the Central Rada and the General Secretariat. However, Ukraine still did not claim absolute sovereignty, as it was assumed that the October events in Petrograd were a conspiracy that would soon be eliminated.
According to Peter Kenez, "Denikin's advance in the Ukraine was most spectacular. He took Poltava on July 31, Odesa on August 23, and Kyiv on August 31." [23] By winter, the tide of war reversed decisively, and by 1920 all of Eastern and central Ukraine except Crimea was again in Bolshevik hands. The Bolsheviks also defeated Nestor Makhno.
Two centuries later Guillaume le Vasseur, sieur de Beauplan became one of the more prominent cartographers working with Ukrainian data. His 1639 descriptive map of the region was the first such one produced, and after he published a pair of Ukraine maps of different scale in 1660, his drawings were republished [by whom?] throughout much of Europe. [2]