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The geology of Chile is a characterized by processes linked to subduction, such as volcanism, earthquakes, and orogeny. The building blocks of Chile's geology were assembled during the Paleozoic Era when Chile was the southwestern margin of the supercontinent Gondwana .
The Rocas Verdes ophiolites (Spanish: Complejo Ofiolítico de Rocas Verdes) are a series of greenschists and other rocks constituting ophiolites in Magallanes Region, southernmost Chile. The Rocas Verdes ophiolites represent the continental - oceanic crust that existed in a back-arc basin in the Mesozoic Era as result of extensional tectonics ...
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The country's National Geology and Mining Service lists 90 active volcanoes. [2] The volcanoes of the Andes originate from the subduction of the Nazca Plate under the South American Plate, while the volcanoes of Chile's Pacific islands formed from magma coming from three distinct hotspots, Easter, Juan Fernández and San Felix hotspots. The ...
Navidad Formation (Spanish: Formación Navidad) is a marine Neogene sedimentary formation located in Central Chile. [1] The formation is known for its diverse and abundant fossil record and is considered the reference unit for the marine Neogene in Chile.
The Bahía Inglesa Formation (alternatively misspelled "Bahia") is a littoral, sedimentary, and highly fossiliferous geological formation that outcrops across the nearby coastal zones of Caldera, Chile. The unit is part of the greater Caldera Basin and was deposited in deep-shallow water, littoral paleoenvironments.
The Chile Ridge, also known as the Chile Rise, is a submarine oceanic ridge formed by the divergent plate boundary between the Nazca plate and the Antarctic plate. It extends from the triple junction of the Nazca, Pacific , and Antarctic plates to the Southern coast of Chile .
The Chilean Coastal Range (Spanish: Cordillera de la Costa) is a mountain range that runs from north to south along the Pacific coast of South America parallel to the Andean Mountains, extending from Morro de Arica in the north to Taitao Peninsula, where it ends at the Chile triple junction, in the south.