Search results
Results from the WOW.Com Content Network
Direct evidence of actual copying by a defendant rarely exists, so plaintiffs must often resort to indirectly proving copying. [1] [page needed] Typically, this is done by first showing that the defendant had access to the plaintiff's work and that the degree of similarity between the two works is so striking or substantial that the similarity could only have been caused by copying, and not ...
The Abstraction-Filtration-Comparison test (AFC) is a method of identifying substantial similarity for the purposes of applying copyright law. In particular, the AFC test is used to determine whether non-literal elements of a computer program have been copied by comparing the protectable elements of two programs.
Those similarities may stem from a multiplicity of personal attributes including similarity in appearance, race, gender, socioeconomics, and educational attainment. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Affinity bias can hamper creativity and collaboration through insular thinking.
The test statistic R is calculated in the following way: R = r B − r W M / 2 {\displaystyle R={\frac {r_{B}-r_{W}}{M/2}}} where r B is the average of rank similarities of pairs of samples (or replicates) originating from different sites, r W is the average of rank similarity of pairs among replicates within sites, and M = n ( n − 1)/2 where ...
Extrinsic and intrinsic tests may be used to determine substantial similarity Wainwright Securities v. Wall Street Transcript Corp: 558 F.2d 91: 2d Cir. 1977 The essence or purpose of legitimate journalism is the reporting of objective facts or developments, not the appropriation of the form of expression used by the news source
However, there are no ‘objective’ tests that can accurately measure ADHD symptoms. Best practice is actually to use informant reports (i.e., reports of loved ones) in combination with self ...
The extrinsic incentives bias is an attributional bias according to which people attribute relatively more to "extrinsic incentives" (such as monetary reward) than to "intrinsic incentives" (such as learning a new skill) when weighing the motives of others rather than themselves.
3. On the Sign On screen, click the small arrow pointing down to bring up a list of all stored usernames. 4. Select the desired username by clicking on it. Click Continue once you selected the username.