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Robert Hoyland describes it as a poll tax originally paid by "the conquered people" to the mostly-Arab conquerors, but it later became a "religious tax, payable only by non-Muslims". [ 179 ] Jews and Christians in some southern and eastern areas of the Arabian Peninsula began to pay tribute, called jizya , to the Islamic state during Muhammad's ...
Zacchaeus (sometimes spelled Zaccheus; Ancient Greek: Ζακχαῖος, Zakchaîos; Classical Syriac: ܙܰܟ݁ܰܝ, romanized: Zakay, "pure, innocent") [1] was a chief tax-collector at Jericho in the Bible. He is known primarily for his faith in climbing a sycamore tree to see Jesus and also his generosity in giving away half of all he ...
The jizya tax was imposed upon Zoroastrians, and the official language of Persia became Arabic instead of the local Persian. [24] In 741, the Umayyads officially decreed that non-Muslims be excluded from governmental positions. [25] The Iranian Muslims at this time started a new tradition, which made Islam appear as a partly Iranian religion.
Matthew in a painted miniature from a volume of Armenian Gospels dated 1609, held by the Bodleian Library. Matthew is mentioned in Matthew 9:9 [5] and Matthew 10:3 [6] as a tax collector (in the New International Version and other translations of the Bible) who, while sitting at the "receipt of custom" in Capernaum, was called to follow Jesus. [7]
Non-Muslim natives were excused from military service and from payment of the religiously mandated tax system levied upon Muslims called Zakat, [41] the tax system levied upon them instead was the jizya - a progressive tax, being heavier on the upper classes and light for the poor. [41]
Stay updated on the news about taxes, deadlines, deductions, laws, the IRS, and all things related to your income taxes.
The Umayyad Caliphate or Umayyad Empire (UK: / uː ˈ m aɪ j æ d /, [2] US: / uː ˈ m aɪ æ d /; [3] Arabic: ٱلْخِلَافَة ٱلْأُمَوِيَّة, romanized: al-Khilāfa al-Umawiyya) [4] was the second caliphate established after the death of the Islamic prophet Muhammad and was ruled by the Umayyad dynasty.
James the Just, or a variation of James, brother of the Lord (Latin: Iacobus from Hebrew: יעקב, Ya'aqov and Ancient Greek: Ἰάκωβος, Iákōbos, can also be Anglicized as "Jacob"), was, according to the New Testament, a brother of Jesus.