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Generally, a rudder is "part of the steering apparatus of a boat or ship that is fastened outside the hull, " denoting all types of oars, paddles, and rudders. [1] More specifically, the steering gear of ancient vessels can be classified into side-rudders and stern-mounted rudders, depending on their location on the ship.
Used mainly to determine the minimum water depth for safe passage of a vessel and to calculate the vessel's displacement (obtained from ship's stability tables) so as to determine the mass of cargo on board. Draft, Air – Air Draft/Draught is the distance from the water line to the highest point on a ship (including antennas) while it is ...
The rudder weighed 230 tons, and the propeller weighed 50 tons. ... Due to the length and the size of the vessel, scrapping only finished at the end of 2010.
Modern scholars have argued on engineering grounds that it is highly unlikely that Zheng He's ship was 450 ft in length, [48] Guan Jincheng (1947) proposed a much more modest size of 20 zhang long by 2.4 zhang wide (204 ft by 25.5 ft or 62.2 m by 7.8 m) [49] while Xin Yuan'ou (2002) put them as 61–76 m (200–250 feet) in length. [50]
Graphical representation of the dimensions used to describe a ship. Length between perpendiculars (often abbreviated as p/p, p.p., pp, LPP, LBP or Length BPP) is the length of a ship along the summer load line from the forward surface of the stem, or main bow perpendicular member, to the after surface of the sternpost, or main stern perpendicular member.
Like all rudders, the main effect of a Schilling rudder is to deflect the flow of water generated by the propeller.Schilling rudders are most commonly used on ships that are difficult to maneuver, particularly large ships such as container ships and oil tankers, slow-moving ships and boats, longer and narrower ships, or boats with slow-moving propellers.
However, that depends on the ship speed (higher is better) and various ship design aspects such as position, size and quality of the rudder positioning system (behaves as fast as a stabiliser fin). Also important is how quickly the ship will respond to rudder motions with roll motions (quick is better) and rate of turn (slow is better).
A Flap Rudder (aka a "Becker rudder") [1] is a specific type of multi-section rudder used on boats and ships. The hinged aft section gives the rudder an extra control surface, enhancing its efficiency. According to Kongsberg "A flap rudder produces more side force than a classic rudder of equivalent size.