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Iron, however, was the preferred bridge for automobile and railroads, and the Howe truss did not adapt well to all-iron construction. [1] The Pratt truss' single diagonal bracing system meant less cost, and its ability to use wrought-iron stringers under railroad rails and ties, led bridge builders to favor the Pratt over the Howe.
Key: 1: principal rafters, 2: collar beam, 3: arch braces. Lacking a tie beam, [ 11 ] the arch-braced (arched brace) [ 12 ] truss gives a more open look to the interior of the roof. The principal rafters are linked by a collar beam supported by a pair of arch braces, which stiffen the structure and help to transmit the weight of the roof down ...
Wrought iron is an iron alloy with a very low carbon content (less than 0.05%) in contrast to that of cast iron (2.1% to 4.5%). It is a semi-fused mass of iron with fibrous slag inclusions (up to 2% by weight), which give it a wood-like "grain" that is visible when it is etched, rusted, or bent to failure.
Cross bracing is usually seen with two diagonal supports placed in an X-shaped manner. Under lateral force (such as wind or seismic activity) one brace will be under tension while the other is being compressed. In steel construction, steel cables may be used due to their great resistance to tension (although they cannot take any load in compression
A pair of wood doors behind wrought-iron gates guards the front entrance. Corners are buttressed, with a pinnacle on each corner. The roof is covered with red barrel tile, with shallow parapets rising above the gable ends. At the back is an apse-like rectangular extension with a flared hip roof. [4] Inside, an aisle runs down the center.
The aviary is a circular structure in cast and wrought iron with a wire netting cover. It has a central pier and arch braces with straight ribs forming a low-pitched roof. There is an outer ring of round posts linked at the top by an iron lintel. [18] [63] II: Nottingham Women's Centre and Chaucer Court Workshops
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