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  2. PIN diode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PIN_diode

    The wide intrinsic region makes the PIN diode an inferior rectifier (one typical function of a diode), but it makes it suitable for attenuators, fast switches, photodetectors, and high-voltage power electronics applications. The PIN photodiode was invented by Jun-Ichi Nishizawa and his colleagues in 1950. It is a semiconductor device.

  3. Photodiode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photodiode

    A photodiode is a PIN structure or p–n junction.When a photon of sufficient energy strikes the diode, it creates an electron–hole pair. This mechanism is also known as the inner photoelectric effect.

  4. Position sensitive device - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Position_sensitive_device

    A 2-D tetra-lateral PSD is capable of providing continuous position measurement of the incident light spot in 2-D. It consists of a single square PIN diode with a resistive layer. When there is an incident light on the active area of the sensor, photocurrents are generated and collected from four electrodes placed along each side of the square ...

  5. Transimpedance amplifier - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transimpedance_amplifier

    Transimpedance amplifier with a reverse-biased photodiode. In the circuit shown in figure 1 the photodiode (shown as a current source) is connected between ground and the inverting input of the op-amp. The other input of the op-amp is also connected to ground. This provides a low-impedance load for the photodiode, which keeps the photodiode ...

  6. Avalanche diode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avalanche_diode

    The silicon avalanche photodiode is a high-gain photon detector. They are "ideal for use in high-speed, low-light-level applications". [3] The avalanche photodiode is operated with a reverse bias voltage of up to hundreds of volts, slightly below its breakdown voltage.

  7. Laser diode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laser_diode

    The laser diode chip is the small black chip at the front; a photodiode at the back is used to control output power. SEM (scanning electron microscope) image of a commercial laser diode with its case and window cut away. The anode connection on the right has been accidentally broken by the case cut process.

  8. p–n diode - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P–n_diode

    A p–n diode is a type of semiconductor diode based upon the p–n junction.The diode conducts current in only one direction, and it is made by joining a p-type semiconducting layer to an n-type semiconducting layer.

  9. Photonic integrated circuit - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photonic_integrated_circuit

    Unlike electronic integration where silicon is the dominant material, system photonic integrated circuits have been fabricated from a variety of material systems, including electro-optic crystals such as lithium niobate, silica on silicon, silicon on insulator, various polymers, and semiconductor materials which are used to make semiconductor lasers such as GaAs and InP.

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