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The Miocene (/ ˈ m aɪ. ə s iː n,-oʊ-/ MY-ə-seen, -oh-) [6] [7] is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma). The Miocene was named by Scottish geologist Charles Lyell; the name comes from the Greek words μείων (meíōn, "less") and καινός (kainós, "new") [8] [9] and means "less recent" because it has 18% fewer modern marine invertebrates ...
The Early Miocene (also known as Lower Miocene) is a sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch made up of two stages: the Aquitanian and Burdigalian stages. [2] [3] The sub-epoch lasted from 23.03 ± 0.05 Ma to 15.97 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago). It was preceded by the Oligocene epoch. As the climate started to get cooler, the landscape started to change.
The Burdigalian is, in the geologic timescale, an age or stage in the early Miocene.It spans the time between 20.43 ± 0.05 Ma and 15.97 ± 0.05 Ma (million years ago). ). Preceded by the Aquitanian, the Burdigalian was the first and longest warming period of the Miocene [4] and is succeeded by the L
c. 23.03 Ma – Neogene Period and Miocene epoch begin; c. 22 Ma – First hyenas. c. 20 Ma – Giraffes and giant anteaters evolve. c. 18–12 Ma – estimated age of the Hominidae/Hylobatidae (great apes vs. gibbons) split. c. 16 Ma – The hippopotamus evolves. c. 15 Ma – First mastodons, bovids, and kangaroos. Australian megafauna diversify.
The Late Miocene (also known as Upper Miocene) is a sub-epoch of the Miocene Epoch made up of two stages. The Tortonian and Messinian stages comprise the Late Miocene sub-epoch, which lasted from 11.63 Ma ( million years ago ) to 5.333 Ma.
The Vallesian age is a period of geologic time (11.6–9.0 Ma) within the Miocene used more specifically with European Land Mammal Ages. It precedes the Turolian age and follows the Astaracian age. The so-called Vallesian Crisis resulted in the extinction of several mammalian taxa characteristic of the Middle Miocene.
“The Miocene is an interesting period with huge climatic, oceanographic and paleogeographical changes,” Moreno said. “I think we are still far from answering what caused their extinction.” ...
The term Middle Miocene disruption, alternatively the Middle Miocene extinction or Middle Miocene extinction peak, refers to a wave of extinctions of terrestrial and aquatic life forms that occurred during this climatic interval. This period was preceded by the Middle Miocene Climatic Optimum (MMCO), a period of relative warmth from 18 to 14 Ma ...