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Because the somatic subscale is emphasized on the BAI, with 15 out of 21 items measuring physiological symptoms, perhaps the cognitive, affective, and behavioral components of anxiety are being deemphasized. Therefore, the BAI functions more adequately in anxiety disorders with a high somatic component, such as panic disorder.
What Causes Panic Disorder? The exact cause of panic disorder isn’t known. Generally speaking, experts believe it happens due to a variety of biological, genetic, and environmental factors.
Worry often interferes with daily functioning, and individuals with GAD are often overly concerned about everyday matters such as health, finances, death, family, relationship concerns, or work difficulties. [7] [8] Symptoms may include excessive worry, restlessness, trouble sleeping, exhaustion, irritability, sweating, and trembling. [2]
Relaxation, risk assessment, worry exposure, exercises such as yoga, and behavior prevention may be effective in curbing excessive worry, a chief feature of generalized anxiety disorder. [21] [22] Cognitive behavioral techniques hasn't branched out enough to address the problem holistically but therapy can control or diminish worry. [23]
According to the National Institute of Mental Health, a phobia is an intense fear of or aversion to specific objects or situations. [21] Individuals with a phobia typically anticipate terrifying consequences from encountering the object of their fear, which can be anything from an animal to a location to a bodily fluid to a particular situation.
Anxiety is an emotion characterised by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil and includes feelings of dread over anticipated events. [1] [2] [3] Anxiety is different from fear in that fear is defined as the emotional response to a present threat, whereas anxiety is the anticipation of a future one. [4]
Anxiety/uncertainty management (AUM) theory is known as the high levels of anxiety one may experience as they come in contact with those of another culture.This concept was first introduced by William B. Gudykunst to further define how humans effectively communicate based on their anxiety and uncertainty in social situations.
Panic disorder is a mental and behavioral disorder, [5] specifically an anxiety disorder characterized by reoccurring unexpected panic attacks. [1] Panic attacks are sudden periods of intense fear that may include palpitations, sweating, shaking, shortness of breath, numbness, or a feeling that something terrible is going to happen.