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The galactic coordinate system is a celestial coordinate system in spherical coordinates, with the Sun as its center, the primary direction aligned with the approximate center of the Milky Way Galaxy, and the fundamental plane parallel to an approximation of the galactic plane but offset to its north.
The galactic coordinate system uses the approximate plane of the Milky Way Galaxy as its fundamental plane. The Solar System is still the center of the coordinate system, and the zero point is defined as the direction towards the Galactic Center. Galactic latitude resembles the elevation above the galactic plane and galactic longitude ...
Combining the Vlasov equation with the Poisson equation for gravity: =. gives the Jeans equations. More explicitly, If n = n ( x , t ) is the density of stars in space, as a function of position x = ( x 1 , x 2 , x 3 ) and time t , v = ( v 1 , v 2 , v 3 ) is the velocity, and Φ = Φ( x , t ) is the gravitational potential , the Jeans equations ...
Figure 1: Geometry of the Oort constants derivation, with a field star close to the Sun in the midplane of the Galaxy. Consider a star in the midplane of the Galactic disk with Galactic longitude at a distance from the Sun. Assume that both the star and the Sun have circular orbits around the center of the Galaxy at radii of and from the Galactic Center and rotational velocities of and ...
GPR triangle. "R" is the body in question, "G" is the Earth's north pole, and "P" is the galactic north pole. This is not for navigation, but for showing the difference between astronomical coordinate systems – galactic and equatorial in this case.
While both the equations of motion and Poisson Equation can also take on non-spherical forms, depending on the coordinate system and the symmetry of the physical system, the essence is the same: The motions of stars in a galaxy or in a globular cluster are principally determined by the average distribution of the other, distant stars.
Orbital Parameters of a Cosmic Object: . α - RA, right ascension, if the Greek letter does not appear, á letter will appear. δ - Dec, declination, if the Greek letter does not appear, ä letter will appear.
A reference frame has been defined as "a catalogue of the adopted coordinates of a set of reference objects that serves to define, or realize, a particular coordinate frame". [7] A reference system is a broader concept, encompassing "the totality of procedures, models and constants that are required for the use of one or more reference frames".