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The history of Syria covers events which occurred on the territory of the Syrian Arab Republic and events which occurred in the region of Syria.Throughout ancient times the territory of the Syrian Arab Republic was occupied and ruled by several empires, including the Sumerians, Mitanni, Assyrians, Babylonians, Egyptians, Hittites, Canaanites, Phoenicians, Arameans, Amorites, Persians, Greeks ...
Damascus (/ d ə ˈ m æ s k ə s / də-MAS-kəs, UK also / d ə ˈ m ɑː s k ə s / də-MAH-skəs; Arabic: دِمَشْق, romanized: Dimašq) is the capital and largest city of Syria, the oldest capital in the world and, according to some, the fourth holiest city in Islam.
Lying on the south bank of Barada River, the ancient city was founded in the 3rd millennium B.C.The horizontal diameter of the oval is about 1.5 km (0.9 mi) which is known as Damascus Straight Street, while the vertical diameter (Latin: Cardus Maximus) is about 1 km (0.6 mi).
Syria was conquered by the Macedonian Empire which was ruled by Alexander the Great c. 330 BC and consequently became Coele-Syria province of the Seleucid Empire (323 BC – 64 BC), with the Seleucid kings styling themselves "King of Syria" and the city of Antioch being its capital starting from 240 BC. Thus, it was the Greeks who introduced ...
The Citadel of Damascus (Arabic: قلعة دمشق, romanized: Qalʿat Dimašq) is a large medieval fortified palace and citadel in Damascus, Syria.It is part of the Ancient City of Damascus, which was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979.
The Syrian Arab Republic accepted the convention on 13 August 1975, making its historical sites eligible for inclusion on the list. As of 2016, six sites in Syria are included. [2] The first site in Syria, Ancient City of Damascus, was inscribed on the list at the 3rd Session of the World Heritage Committee, held in Paris, France in 1979. [3]
Carchemish (/ ˈ k ɑːr k ə m ɪ ʃ / KAR-kəm-ish or / k ɑː r ˈ k iː m ɪ ʃ / kar-KEE-mish), also spelled Karkemish (Turkish: Karkamış), [a] was an important ancient capital in the northern part of the region of Syria. At times during its history the city was independent, but it was also part of the Mitanni, Hittite and Neo-Assyrian ...
Sometime between 330 and 350 (likely c. 341), the province of Euphratensis was created out of the territory of Syria Coele and the former realm of Commagene, with Hierapolis as its capital. [30] After c. 415 Syria Coele was further subdivided into Syria I, with the capital remaining at Antioch, and Syria II or Salutaris, with capital at Apamea ...