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  2. Muscle contraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muscle_contraction

    Depiction of smooth muscle contraction. Muscle contraction is the activation of tension-generating sites within muscle cells. [1] [2] In physiology, muscle contraction does not necessarily mean muscle shortening because muscle tension can be produced without changes in muscle length, such as when holding something heavy in the same position. [1]

  3. Latent period - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Latent_period

    Latent period (epidemiology), the time interval between when an individual is infected by a pathogen and when he or she becomes capable of infecting other susceptible individuals. Muscle contraction, the time between a stimulus to the nerve and the contraction of the muscle; Virus latency, a period during which a virus remains dormant in a cell ...

  4. Diad - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diad

    Within the muscle tissue of animals and humans, contraction and relaxation of the muscle cells is a highly regulated and rhythmic process.In cardiomyocytes, or cardiac muscle cells, muscular contraction takes place due to movement at a structure referred to as the diad, sometimes spelled "dyad."

  5. Tetanic contraction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tetanic_contraction

    Fused tetanus is when there is no relaxation of the muscle fibers between stimuli and it occurs during a high rate of stimulation. [5] A fused tetanic contraction is the strongest single-unit twitch in contraction. [6] When tetanized, the contracting tension in the muscle remains constant in a steady state. This is the maximal possible ...

  6. Smooth muscle - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smooth_muscle

    Contraction is initiated by a calcium-regulated phosphorylation of myosin, rather than a calcium-activated troponin system. Crossbridge cycling causes contraction of myosin and actin complexes, in turn causing increased tension along the entire chains of tensile structures, ultimately resulting in contraction of the entire smooth muscle tissue.

  7. List of reflexes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_reflexes

    A list of reflexes in humans. Abdominal reflex; Accommodation reflex — coordinated changes in the vergence, lens shape and pupil size when looking at a distant object after a near object. Acoustic reflex or attenuation reflex — contraction of the stapedius and tensor tympani muscles in the middle ear in response to high sound intensities.

  8. Stretch reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stretch_reflex

    As an example of a spinal reflex, it results in a fast response that involves an afferent signal into the spinal cord and an efferent signal out to the muscle. The stretch reflex can be a monosynaptic reflex which provides automatic regulation of skeletal muscle length, whereby the signal entering the spinal cord arises from a change in muscle ...

  9. Patellar reflex - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patellar_reflex

    This contraction, coordinated with the relaxation of the antagonistic flexor hamstring muscle causes the leg to kick. [4] There is a latency of around 18 ms between stretch of the patellar tendon and the beginning of contraction of the quadriceps femoris muscle. [ 5 ]