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  2. File verification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File_verification

    File verification is the process of using an algorithm for verifying the integrity of a computer file, usually by checksum.This can be done by comparing two files bit-by-bit, but requires two copies of the same file, and may miss systematic corruptions which might occur to both files.

  3. Security Account Manager - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Security_Account_Manager

    Windows Vista and later versions of Windows disable LM hash by default. Note: enabling this setting does not immediately clear the LM hash values from the SAM, but rather enables an additional check during password change operations that will instead store a "dummy" value in the location in the SAM database where the LM hash is otherwise stored.

  4. Checksum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checksum

    This is especially true of cryptographic hash functions, which may be used to detect many data corruption errors and verify overall data integrity; if the computed checksum for the current data input matches the stored value of a previously computed checksum, there is a very high probability the data has not been accidentally altered or corrupted.

  5. Simple file verification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simple_file_verification

    SFV verification ensures that a file has not been corrupted by comparing the file's CRC hash value to a previously calculated value. [1] Due to the nature of hash functions, hash collisions may result in false positives, but the likelihood of collisions is usually negligible with random corruption. (The number of possible checksums is limited ...

  6. md5sum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Md5sum

    The MD5 hash functions as a compact digital fingerprint of a file. As with all such hashing algorithms, there is theoretically an unlimited number of files that will have any given MD5 hash. However, it is very unlikely that any two non-identical files in the real world will have the same MD5 hash, unless they have been specifically created to ...

  7. List of hash functions - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_hash_functions

    hash HAS-160: 160 bits hash HAVAL: 128 to 256 bits hash JH: 224 to 512 bits hash LSH [19] 256 to 512 bits wide-pipe Merkle–Damgård construction: MD2: 128 bits hash MD4: 128 bits hash MD5: 128 bits Merkle–Damgård construction: MD6: up to 512 bits Merkle tree NLFSR (it is also a keyed hash function) RadioGatún: arbitrary ideal mangling ...

  8. sha1sum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sha1sum

    sha1sum is a computer program that calculates and verifies SHA-1 hashes.It is commonly used to verify the integrity of files. It (or a variant) is installed by default on most Linux distributions.

  9. Luhn algorithm - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luhn_algorithm

    The check digit is calculated by (()), where s is the sum from step 3. This is the smallest number (possibly zero) that must be added to s {\displaystyle s} to make a multiple of 10. Other valid formulas giving the same value are 9 − ( ( s + 9 ) mod 1 0 ) {\displaystyle 9-((s+9){\bmod {1}}0)} , ( 10 − s ) mod 1 0 {\displaystyle (10-s){\bmod ...