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Peripheral neuropathy may be classified according to the number and distribution of nerves affected (mononeuropathy, mononeuritis multiplex, or polyneuropathy), the type of nerve fiber predominantly affected (motor, sensory, autonomic), or the process affecting the nerves; e.g., inflammation (), compression (compression neuropathy), chemotherapy (chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy).
Sensory neuronopathy is diagnosed clinically, based on signs and symptoms, along with nerve conduction studies. [1] Ataxia in the upper and lower extremities at onset or at full development, asymmetric distribution of sensory loss, sensory loss not being restricted to the lower limbs (as in length dependent axonal polyneuropathy) are specific ...
In its traditional manifestation, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy is characterized by symmetric, progressive limb weakness and sensory loss, which typically starts in the legs. Patients report having trouble getting out of a chair, walking, climbing stairs, and falling.
People with distal axonopathies usually present with sensorimotor disturbances such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [10] Myelinopathy , is due to a loss of myelin or of the Schwann cells . [ 11 ] This demyelination slows down or completely blocks the conduction of action potentials through the axon of the nerve cell ( neurapraxia ). [ 12 ]
The rate of incidence of alcoholic polyneuropathy involving sensory and motor polyneuropathy has been stated as from 10% to 50% of alcoholics depending on the subject selection and diagnostic criteria. If electrodiagnostic criteria are used, alcoholic polyneuropathy may be found in up to 90% of individuals being assessed. [4]
Examination of these children showed that many of them had acute flaccid paralysis and areflexia but with little or no sensory loss. Electrophysiological testing of these children showed motor axonal loss with occasional conduction block with a lack of demyelinating features and normal sensory potentials. In contrast, the common form of ...
Patients with hereditary motor and sensory neuropathies are diagnosed through a physical evaluation that looks for muscle atrophy, weakness, and sensory responses. [3] In addition to this, electromyography and motor nerve conduction tests can help clinicians decide what type of motor and sensory neuropathy it is and how severe the disease is.
The most common form, diabetic peripheral neuropathy, affects 30% of all diabetic patients. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Symptoms depend on the site of nerve damage and can include motor changes such as weakness; sensory symptoms such as numbness, tingling, or pain; or autonomic changes such as urinary symptoms.
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