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Organization development (OD) is the study and implementation of practices, systems, and techniques that affect organizational change. The goal of which is to modify a group's/organization's performance and/or culture. The organizational changes are typically initiated by the group's stakeholders.
For example, scholars see them both as a source of stability and as a driver of organisational change. [7] In an attempt to better understand the "inside" of organisational routines, Pentland and Feldman offered the distinction between the ostensive and performative aspects of routines. [ 1 ]
More specifically, organizational adaptation is premised on organizational decision-making that is intentional, whereby decision-makers are aware of their environment; relational, in that organizations and environments influence one another; conditioned, in that environmental characteristics evolved with other organizations’ actions; and ...
A typical example for an organization behaving as CAS is Wikipedia, [20] which is collaborated and managed by a loosely organized management structure [20] that is composed of a complex mix of human–computer interactions.
Although there are many types of organizational changes, the critical aspect is a company's ability to win the buy-in of their organization's employees on the change. Effectively managing organizational change is a four-step process: [36] Recognizing the changes in the broader business environment
A functional organizational structure is a structure that consists of activities such as coordination, supervision and task allocation. The organizational structure determines how the organization performs or operates. The term "organizational structure" refers to how the people in an organization are grouped and to whom they report.
Organizational culture influences the organization's ability to adapt to change. Culture in an organization is a self-reinforcing set of beliefs, attitudes, and behavior. Culture is one of the most resistant elements of organizational behavior and is extremely difficult to change.
Refers to the qualities and characteristics of the group as a whole, such as how cohesive the group is, what is its size, how is it structured, etc. Macro-Level: Organizational or Societal Level: Refers to the qualities, characteristics, and processes of the larger collectives of which a group is a part of (i.e., the organization or the community).