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The flame temperature is high, about 2,000 °C for hydrogen gas in air at atmospheric pressure, [11] and up to 2800 °C when pre-mixed in a 2:1 ratio with pure oxygen (oxyhydrogen). Hydrogen is not used for welding steels and other ferrous materials, because it causes hydrogen embrittlement .
A set of MAPP and oxygen cylinders is used for oxy-fuel welding and cutting. MAPP gas was a trademarked name, belonging to The Linde Group , a division of the former global chemical giant Union Carbide , for a fuel gas based on a stabilized mixture of methylacetylene (propyne), propadiene and propane .
Hydrogen in air 2111 °C 3831 °F Propane with oxygen 2800 °C 5072 °F Acetylene in oxygen 3100 °C 5612 °F Propane-butane mix with air 1970 °C 3578 °F Coal in air (blast furnace) 1900 °C 3452 °F Cyanogen (C 2 N 2) in oxygen 4525 °C 8177 °F Dicyanoacetylene (C 4 N 2) in oxygen (highest flame temperature) 4982 °C 9000 °F
Acetylene is a moderately common chemical in the universe, often associated with the atmospheres of gas giants. [50] One curious discovery of acetylene is on Enceladus, a moon of Saturn. Natural acetylene is believed to form from catalytic decomposition of long-chain hydrocarbons at temperatures of 1,700 K (1,430 °C; 2,600 °F) and above ...
The blowtorch is commonly used where a diffuse (wide spread) high temperature naked flame heat is required but not so hot as to cause combustion or welding. Temperature applications are soldering , brazing , softening paint for removal, melting roof tar , or pre-heating large castings before welding such as for repairing.
HVAF has a maximum flame temperature of 3,560° to 3,650 °F and an average particle velocity of 3,300 ft/sec. Since the maximum flame temperature is relatively close to the melting point of most spray materials, HVAF results in a more uniform, ductile coating. This also allows for a typical coating thickness of 0.002-0.050".
An air-fed torch's maximum adiabatic flame temperature is assumed to be around 2,000 °C (3,600 °F). However, a typical primary flame will only achieve 1,100 °C (2,000 °F) to 1,250 °C (2,250 °F). Oxygen-fed torches can be much hotter at up to 2,550 °C (4,600 °F). [8]
Without the arc, an oxyhydrogen torch can only reach 2800 °C. [2] This is the third-hottest flame after dicyanoacetylene at 4987 °C and cyanogen at 4525 °C. An acetylene torch merely reaches 3300 °C. This device may be called an atomic hydrogen torch, nascent hydrogen torch or Langmuir torch. The process was also known as arc-atom welding.