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Endoderm is the innermost of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo. The other two layers are the ectoderm (outside layer) and mesoderm (middle layer). [ 1 ] Cells migrating inward along the archenteron form the inner layer of the gastrula , which develops into the endoderm.
A germ layer is a primary layer of cells that forms during embryonic development. [1] The three germ layers in vertebrates are particularly pronounced; however, all eumetazoans (animals that are sister taxa to the sponges) produce two or three primary germ layers.
This page was last edited on 30 December 2024, at 15:41 (UTC).; Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License; additional terms may apply.
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The endoderm is the inner most germ layer of the embryo which gives rise to gastrointestinal and respiratory organs by forming epithelial linings and organs such as the liver, lungs, and pancreas. [5] The mesoderm or middle germ layer of the embryo will form the blood, heart, kidney, muscles, and connective tissues. [5]
The endoderm is one of the germ layers formed during animal embryogenesis. Cells migrating inward along the archenteron form the inner layer of the gastrula , which develops into the endoderm . Initially, the endoderm consists of flattened cells, which subsequently become columnar...
The human embryo forms five sets of endoderm-lined pharyngeal pouches. The third and fourth pouch are responsible for developing into the inferior and superior parathyroid glands, respectively. [ 8 ] The third pharyngeal pouch encounters the developing thyroid gland and they migrate down to the lower poles of the thyroid lobes.
The mammalian equivalent to the chick hypoblast is called the anterior visceral endoderm (AVE) [10] and creates an anterior region by secreting antagonists of Nodal. [5] In the mouse, (the most studied mammalian model organism for this) the hypoblast restricts Nodal activity using Cerberus and Lefty1 while birds use only Cerberus.