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Neuroplasticity is the process by which neurons adapt to a disturbance over time, and most often occurs in response to repeated exposure to stimuli. [27] Aerobic exercise increases the production of neurotrophic factors [note 1] (e.g., BDNF, IGF-1, VEGF) which mediate improvements in cognitive functions and various forms of memory by promoting blood vessel formation in the brain, adult ...
Environmental factors, including physical exercise, have been shown to have a beneficial influence on epigenetic modifications. Generally, it has been shown that acute and long-term exercise has a significant effect on DNA methylation, an important aspect of epigenetic modifications.
The effects of physical activity can be distributed throughout the whole brain, such as higher gray matter density and white matter integrity after exercise training, [44] [45] and/or on specific brain areas, such as greater activation in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. [46]
Children may find long-term physical therapy boring. [25] Physiotherapy exercises are designed to improve balance, postural control, gait, and assist with mobility and transferring the person with CP, for example from a wheelchair to a bed. [26] Speech therapy helps control the muscles of the mouth and jaw, and helps improve communication. Just ...
After initiating an exercise program, it is important to maintain the routine. Otherwise, the benefits will be lost. [15] For frail patients, regular exercise is vital in preserving functional independence and preventing the need for external assistance or placement in a long-term care facility. [16]
The effect of training on the body has been defined as the reaction to the adaptive responses of the body arising from exercise [3] or as "an elevation of metabolism produced by exercise". [4] Exercise physiologists study the effect of exercise on pathology, and the mechanisms by which exercise can reduce or reverse disease progression.
Neural adaptation or sensory adaptation is a gradual decrease over time in the responsiveness of the sensory system to a constant stimulus. It is usually experienced as a change in the stimulus. For example, if a hand is rested on a table, the table's surface is immediately felt against the skin.
Adapted physical education is the art and science of developing, implementing, and monitoring a carefully designed physical education. Instructional program for a learner with a disability, based on a comprehensive assessment, to give the learner the skills necessary for a lifetime of rich leisure, recreation, and sport experiences to enhance physical fitness and wellness.