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The Fall of the Bell System A Study in Prices and Politics (1987) Watzinger, Martin, and Monika Schnitzer. "The breakup of the Bell System and its impact on US innovation." (2022). online; White, Lawrence J. "US telephone deregulation: lessons to be learned, mistakes to be avoided." Japan and the World Economy 12.2 (2000): 173-183. online}
The breakup of the Bell System resulted in the creation of seven independent companies that were formed from the original twenty-two AT&T-controlled members of the System. [5] On January 1, 1984, these companies and the local operating companies placed under them were: Ameritech. Illinois Bell; Indiana Bell; Michigan Bell; Ohio Bell; Wisconsin Bell
Western Electric Co., Inc. was an American electrical engineering and manufacturing company that operated from 1869 to 1996. A subsidiary of the AT&T Corporation for most of its lifespan, Western Electric was the primary manufacturer, supplier, and purchasing agent for all telephone equipment for the Bell System from 1881 until 1984, when the Bell System was dismantled.
These types of systems allow for two or more parties to be able to talk to one another in areas that experience loss of power or when radio communication is hampered by RF signal losses and/or limitations. Ski lifts use sound-powered phones extensively. Because there are only two handsets (rarely three, where there is a mid station), sound ...
The Bell Telephone Company was the initial corporate entity from which the Bell System originated to build a continental conglomerate and monopoly in telecommunication services in the United States and Canada. The company was organized in Boston, Massachusetts, on July 9, 1877, by Alexander Graham Bell's father-in-law Gardiner Greene Hubbard.
Ameritech was created as a holding company that owned five former Bell System companies in the Midwest. Under its umbrella were: Illinois Bell Telephone Company; Indiana Bell Telephone Company, Inc. Michigan Bell Telephone Company; Ohio Bell Telephone Company; Wisconsin Bell, Inc.
Cincinnati Bell was the last RBOC to hold the "Bell" name, but it rebranded as Altafiber in March of 2022. Additionally, Bell Canada, the former Bell Telephone Company of Canada (founded in 1880) and which started separating from the Bell System in 1956, and completely by 1975, continues to use the "Bell" trademarks, which it owns outright in ...
AT&T Communications was renamed AT&T Communications – East, Inc. and sold long-distance telephone service and operated as a CLEC outside of the borders of the Bell Operating Companies that AT&T owned. It has now been absorbed into AT&T Corp. and all but 4 of the original 22 subsidiaries that formed AT&T Communications continue to exist.