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Nuclear batteries can be classified by their means of energy conversion into two main groups: thermal converters and non-thermal converters. The thermal types convert some of the heat generated by the nuclear decay into electricity; an example is the radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG), often used in spacecraft.
Diagram of an RTG used on the Cassini probe. A radioisotope thermoelectric generator (RTG, RITEG), sometimes referred to as a radioisotope power system (RPS), is a type of nuclear battery that uses an array of thermocouples to convert the heat released by the decay of a suitable radioactive material into electricity by the Seebeck effect.
Unlike traditional nuclear reactors, which generate heat and then convert it to electricity, betavoltaics offer non-thermal conversion. [ 11 ] A prototype betavoltaic battery announced in early 2024 by the Betavolt company of China contains a thin wafer providing a source of beta particle electrons (either Carbon-14 or nickel-63 ) sandwiched ...
An optoelectric nuclear battery [citation needed] (also radiophotovoltaic device, radioluminescent nuclear battery [1] or radioisotope photovoltaic generator [2]) is a type of nuclear battery in which nuclear energy is converted into light, which is then used to generate electrical energy.
This is an extended version of the energy density table from the main Energy ... low power design as used in consumer batteries [29] 0.4: 1.55: Liquid Nitrogen: 0.349 ...
Photon-intermediate direct energy conversion (PIDEC) is a scheme for direct conversion of nuclear power to electricity. PIDEC process is somewhat similar [citation needed] to a concept of fluorescent light - as in the CFL, in the nuclear reactor the original type of energy generated is not useful to humans. CFL uses a fluorescent coating on the ...
The Biden administration is providing financing for two battery factories being built by Stellantis and Samsung, as well as a Rivian EV plant. Vivek Ramaswamy says DOGE will 'carefully scrutinize ...
The energy conversion process used by an ASRG is significantly more efficient than previous radioisotope systems, using one quarter of the plutonium-238 to produce the same amount of power. Despite termination of the ASRG flight development contract in 2013, NASA continues a small investment testing by private companies.