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The residence time of a fluid parcel is the total time that the parcel has spent inside a control volume (e.g.: a chemical reactor, a lake, a human body).The residence time of a set of parcels is quantified in terms of the frequency distribution of the residence time in the set, which is known as residence time distribution (RTD), or in terms of its average, known as mean residence time.
The lake retention time for a body of water with the volume 2,000 m 3 (71,000 cu ft) and the exit flow of 100 m 3 /h (3,500 cu ft/h) is 20 hours.. Lake retention time (also called the residence time of lake water, or the water age or flushing time) is a calculated quantity expressing the mean time that water (or some dissolved substance) spends in a particular lake.
The logarithmic residence time is a dimensionless variation of the residence time. It is proportional to the natural log of a normalized residence time. Noting the exponential in Equation (), the logarithmic residence time of a Gaussian process is defined as [5] [6]
Residence time is the total amount of time a discrete quantity of reagent spends inside the reactor. For an ideal reactor, the theoretical residence time, , is always equal to the reactor volume divided by the fluid flow rate. [2] See the next section for a more in-depth discussion on the residence time distribution of a CSTR.
Model of Estuary. The residence time of water is a key variable determining the health of an estuary, particularly from human-induced stresses.Rapid flushing ensures that there is insufficient time for sediment accumulation or dissolved oxygen depletion in the estuary; thus a well flushed estuary is intrinsically more robust than a poorly flushed estuary. [1]
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The residence time of a reservoir within the hydrologic cycle is the average time a water molecule will spend in that reservoir (see table). It is a measure of the average age of the water in that reservoir. Groundwater can spend over 10,000 years beneath Earth's surface before leaving. [17] Particularly old groundwater is called fossil water ...
The residence time distribution function is therefore a Dirac delta function at . A real plug flow reactor has a residence time distribution that is a narrow pulse around the mean residence time distribution. A typical plug flow reactor could be a tube packed with some solid material (frequently a catalyst). Typically these types of reactors ...