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After the devastating defeat of Napoleon's Grande Armée in the Russian campaign of 1812, Johann Yorck – the general in command of the Grande Armée's German auxiliaries (Hilfskorps) – declared a ceasefire with the Russians on 30 December 1812 via the Convention of Tauroggen. This was the decisive factor in the outbreak of the German ...
The German propaganda push took shape after the failed Kapp Putsch of March 1920 and was supported by the government in Berlin and widely across the political spectrum, with the exception of the far left Independent Social Democrats and the Communist Party of Germany. The propaganda used graphic depictions of African "barbarians" allegedly ...
Map of the Holy Roman Empire in 1789 The German Confederation after 1815, the result of German mediatisation during the Napoleonic Wars. German mediatisation (English: / m iː d i ə t aɪ ˈ z eɪ ʃ ən /; German: deutsche Mediatisierung) was the major redistribution and reshaping of territorial holdings that took place between 1802 and 1814 in Germany by means of the subsumption and ...
Germany led the Central Powers in World War I, but was defeated, partly occupied, forced to pay war reparations, and stripped of its colonies and significant territory along its borders. The German Revolution of 1918–1919 ended the German Empire with the abdication of Wilhelm II in 1918 and established the Weimar Republic , an ultimately ...
A final spark leading to war was the summary arrest and execution of German nationalist Johann Philipp Palm in August 1806 for publishing a pamphlet which strongly attacked Napoleon and the conduct of his army occupying Germany. After giving Napoleon an ultimatum on 1 October 1806, Prussia (supported by Saxony) finally decided to contend ...
Russia went on the offensive to take pressure off of France at Verdun: Russia's attack near Lake Naroch in early 1916 was quickly defeated by Germany, but in the summer of 1916 the Brusilov offensive became the largest Entente victory in the war. Russia inflicted over one million casualties on Austria-Hungary and forced Germany to redeploy ...
Modern Germany was formed when the Kingdom of Prussia unified most of the German states, with the exception of multi-ethnic Austria (which was ruled by the German-speaking royal family of Habsburg and had significant German-speaking land), into the German Empire. [1] After the First World War, on 10 January 1920, Germany lost about 13% of its ...
The Battle of Leipzig, [e] also known as the Battle of the Nations, [f] was fought from 16 to 19 October 1813 at Leipzig, Saxony.The Coalition armies of Austria, Prussia, Sweden, and Russia, led by Tsar Alexander I and Karl von Schwarzenberg, decisively defeated the Grande Armée of French Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte.