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Theophylline, also known as 1,3-dimethylxanthine, is a drug that inhibits phosphodiesterase and blocks adenosine receptors. [1] It is used to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma . [ 2 ]
Still, the blood values are approximately equal between the arterial and venous sides for most substances, with the exception of acid–base, blood gases and drugs (used in therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) assays). [6] Arterial levels for drugs are generally higher than venous levels because of extraction while passing through tissues. [6]
Thyroid function tests (TFTs) is a collective term for blood tests used to check the function of the thyroid. [1] TFTs may be requested if a patient is thought to suffer from hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) or hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), or to monitor the effectiveness of either thyroid-suppression or hormone replacement therapy.
The therapeutic index (TI; also referred to as therapeutic ratio) is a quantitative measurement of the relative safety of a drug with regard to risk of overdose.It is a comparison of the amount of a therapeutic agent that causes toxicity to the amount that causes the therapeutic effect. [1]
This gives a = 100 μg/mL if the drug stays in the blood stream only, and thus its volume of distribution is the same as that is = 0.08 L/kg. If the drug distributes into all body water the volume of distribution would increase to approximately V D = {\displaystyle V_{D}=} 0.57 L/kg [ 8 ]
Because one of the active ingredients in Tedral is theophylline, Tedral is contraindicated if the patient has: [3] [6] Hypersensitivity to xanthine derivatives; Coronary artery disease (cardiac stimulating effects of Theophylline may prove harmful) Peptic ulcer; Concomitant use with ephedrine in children.
What is the Normal Testosterone Level for a 70-Year-Old Man? 156–819 ng/dL. ... You want smooth blood flow, so an increase in red blood cells could easily cause stagnation.
In a medicine that is administered periodically, the trough level should be measured just before the administration of the next dose in order to avoid overdosing. [3] A trough level is contrasted with a "peak level" ( C max ), which is the highest level of the medicine in the body, and the "average level", which is the mean level over time.
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