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Many of these infections are less serious, but the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that there are 80,461 invasive MRSA infections and 11,285 deaths due to MRSA annually. [109] In 2003, the cost for a hospitalization due to MRSA infection was US$92,363; a hospital stay for MSSA was $52,791. [89]
Problematically, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become a major cause of hospital-acquired infections. MRSA has also been recognized with increasing frequency in community-acquired infections. [7] The symptoms of a staphylococcal infection include a collection of pus, such as a boil or furuncle, or abscess.
MRSA ST398 (Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ST398) is a specific strain of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Staphylococcus aureus is a gram-positive, spherical bacterium that can cause a range of infections in humans and animals.
The initial skin changes are similar to cellulitis or abscess, thus making the diagnosis at early stages difficult. The redness and swelling usually blend into surrounding normal tissues. The overlying skin may appear shiny and tense as well. [8] Later signs more suggestive of necrotizing changes (but only present in less than half of cases) are:
Bullous impetigo is a bacterial skin infection caused by Staphylococcus aureus that results in the formation of large blisters called bullae, usually in areas with skin folds like the armpit, groin, between the fingers or toes, beneath the breast, and between the buttocks.
The infection is contagious and may spread to other areas of the body, or other people; those living in the same residence may develop carbuncles at the same time. [3] In the early 21st century, infection involving methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has become more common.
Ritter's disease of the newborn is the most severe form of SSSS, with similar signs and symptoms. SSSS often includes a widespread painful erythroderma, often involving the face, diaper, and other intertriginous areas. Extensive areas of desquamation might be present. Perioral crusting and fissuring are seen early in the course.
The process of infection by bacteria or fungi may result in systemic signs and symptoms that are variously described. Approximately 70% of septic shock cases were once traceable to gram-negative bacteria that produce endotoxins , however, with the emergence of MRSA and the increased use of arterial and venous catheters, gram-positive bacteria ...