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The kraft process (also known as kraft pulping or sulfate process) is a process for conversion of wood into wood pulp, which consists of almost pure cellulose fibres, the main component of paper. The kraft process involves treatment of wood chips with a hot mixture of water, sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and sodium sulfide (Na 2 S), known as white ...
The range of prices is typically between US$18 to US$30 per (wet)-ton delivered. [43] In 2006, prices were US$15 and US$30 per wet-ton in the northeast. [44] In the 20 years leading up to 2008, prices have fluctuated between US$60–70/oven-dry metric ton (odmt) in the southern states, and between US$60/odmt and US$160/odmt in the Northwest. [45]
A typical refiner pulp can require 2000 kWh/mass ton pulp. [1] A larger mechanical pulp and paper mill can, including the paper production, consume 200-300 MW electricity. The chemical pulping processes can often generate enough energy (steam and electricity) to make the mill energy self-sufficient.
Southern bleached softwood kraft (SBSK) is a wood pulp mainly produced in the southern USA. The main raw materials are slash pine , longleaf pine , shortleaf pine , loblolly pine and virginia pine .
This pulp grade is very diverse. All NBSK pulps have long fibers and is often used as reinforcement pulp. [1] NBSK from British Columbia is mainly from Lodgepole Pine, with a significant amount of White Spruce. Redcedar, douglas fir, hemlock, and larch make up a smaller portion of the chip furnish. NBSK is known for having longer fiber lengths ...
The United States is one of the biggest paper consumers in the world. Between 1990 and 2002, paper consumption in the United States increased from 84.9 million tons to 97.3 million tons.
Larraín, the 48-year-old Chilean filmmaker, has made a name for himself in the U.S. in recent years for directing biopics of famous 20th century women at a crossroads, including 2016's Jackie ...
Tall oil is the third largest chemical by-product in a kraft mill after lignin and hemicellulose; the yield of crude tall oil from the process is in the range of 30–50 kg / ton pulp. [4] It may contribute to 1.0–1.5% of the mill's revenue if not used internally. [citation needed]