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The lighting ratio is the ratio of the light levels on the brightest-lit to the least-lit parts of the subject; the brightest-lit areas are lit by both key (K) and fill (F). The American Society of Cinematographers (ASC) defines lighting ratio as (key+fill):fill, or (key+Σ fill ):Σ fill , where Σ fill is the sum of all fill lights.
The commander unit usually controls the remote flashes by using flashes of visible or infrared light, although TTL-capable radio triggering systems are available. The photographer can normally vary the light ratios between the different flashes. The technique of using preflashes to get a proper exposure is still used in automatic flash modes.
The left half shows the photo as it came from the digital camera. The right half shows the photo adjusted to make a gray surface neutral in the same light. In photography and image processing, color balance is the global adjustment of the intensities of the colors (typically red, green, and blue primary colors). An important goal of this ...
In the US lighting industry, foot-candles are a common unit of measurement used by architects to calculate adequate lighting levels. Foot-candles are also commonly used in the museum and gallery fields in the US, where lighting levels must be carefully controlled to conserve light-sensitive objects such as prints, photographs, and paintings, the colors of which fade when exposed to bright ...
The use of radiometric units is appropriate to characterize such sensitivity to invisible light. In sensitometric data, such as characteristic curves, the log exposure [4] is conventionally expressed as log 10 (H). Photographers more familiar with base-2 logarithmic scales (such as exposure values) can convert using log 2 (H) ≈ 3.32 log 10 (H).
In some cases, ambient light may be used as a fill, in which case additional lighting provides the stronger light source, for example in bounce flash photography. The relative intensity of ambient light and fill light is known as the lighting ratio, an important factor in calculating contrast in the finished image.
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In photography, the sunny 16 rule (also known as the sunny f /16 rule) is a method of estimating correct daylight exposures without a light meter. Apart from the advantage of independence from a light meter, the sunny 16 rule can also aid in achieving correct exposure of difficult subjects.