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The Ishmaelites (Hebrew: יִשְׁמְעֵאלִים, romanized: Yīšməʿēʾlīm; Arabic: بَنِي إِسْمَاعِيل, romanized: Banī Ismā'īl, lit. 'sons of Ishmael') were a collection of various Arab tribes, tribal confederations and small kingdoms described in Abrahamic tradition as being descended from and named after Ishmael, a prophet according to the Quran, the first son of ...
On the family pedigrees contained in the biblical pericope of Noah, Saadia Gaon (882‒942) wrote: . The Scriptures have traced the patronymic lineage of the seventy nations to the three sons of Noah, as also the lineage of Abraham and Ishmael, and of Jacob and Esau.
In the biblical Book of Genesis, Ishmael [a] was the first son of Abraham. His mother was Hagar, the handmaiden of Abraham's wife Sarah. [1] He died at the age of 137. [2] Traditionally, he is seen as the ancestor of the Arabs. Within Islam, Ishmael is regarded as a prophet and the ancestor of the Ishmaelites (Hagarenes or Adnanites) and ...
Hagar conceived right away and in time Ishmael was born. This situation brought strife rather than happiness between Hagar and Sarai. Nevertheless, God saw Hagar’s suffering and promised that although this was not the child promised to Abram, he would nevertheless make Ishmael’s descendants into a great nation also. [3]
Ishmael's place as the "founder of the Arabs" was first stated by Josephus. [20] As Islam became established, the figure Ishmael and those descended from him, the Ishmaelites, became connected, and often equated, with the term Arab in early Jewish and Christian literature. [21]
The Priestly source illustrates history in Genesis by compiling the genealogy beginning with the "generations of the heavens and the earth" and continuing through Abraham, Ishmael, and Isaac to the descendants of Jacob and Esau. Jacob's descendants are listed in Genesis 46:8-27, beginning with the phrase "these are the names." [72]
A family tree depicting the descendants of the Banu Adnan. According to Arab genealogical tradition, the Adnanites are descended from Adnan whom in turn is descended from Ishmael. [4] [5] [6] whereas the Qahtanites of Southern Arabia (Yemen) are the original, pure Arabs. [7] [8]
Within the book of Genesis, the Table of Nations is an extensive list of descendants of Noah, which appears within the Torah at Genesis 10, representing an ethnology from an Iron Age Levantine perspective and its reflections in the medieval and modern history and genealogy researches. [citation needed]