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The olfactory epithelium is a specialized epithelial tissue inside the nasal cavity that is involved in smell.In humans, it measures 5 cm 2 (0.78 sq in) [1] and lies on the roof of the nasal cavity about 7 cm (2.8 in) above and behind the nostrils. [2]
The olfactory mucosa is the neuroepithelial mucosa [1] lining the roof and upper parts of the septum and lateral wall of the nasal cavity [1] [2] which contains bipolar neurons of the primary receptor neurons of the olfactory pathway, as well as supporting cells.
The area of olfactory epithelium, in the upper nasal cavity, contains specialised olfactory cells responsible for this function. The nose is also involved in the function of speech. Nasal vowels and nasal consonants are produced in the process of nasalisation. The hollow cavities of the paranasal sinuses act as sound chambers that modify and ...
The epithelium of the nasal mucosa is of two types – respiratory epithelium, and olfactory epithelium differing according to its functions. In the respiratory region it is columnar and ciliated. [3] [4] Interspersed among the columnar cells are goblet or mucin cells, while between their bases are found smaller pyramidal cells.
The olfactory epithelium is made up of at least six morphologically and biochemically different cell types. [20] The proportion of olfactory epithelium compared to respiratory epithelium (not innervated, or supplied with nerves) gives an indication of the animal's olfactory sensitivity. Humans have about 10 cm 2 (1.6 sq in) of olfactory ...
A sustentacular cell is a type of cell primarily associated with structural support, they can be found in various tissues. [1] Sustentacular cells of the olfactory epithelium (also called supporting cells or Sertoli cells) have been shown to be involved in the phagocytosis of dead neurons, [2] odorant transformation [3] and xenobiotic ...
The first stop in the olfactory system is the olfactory epithelium, or tissue resting on the roof of the nasal cavity which houses smell receptors. Smell receptors are bipolar neurons that bind odorants from the air and congregate at the olfactory nerve before passing axons to the dendrites of mitral cells in the olfactory bulb. [3]
A study conducted in 2023 found that hairdressers who were exposed to formaldehyde, an ingredient found in hair dye, experienced olfactory loss when protective equipment was not used. [37] These agents not only damage the olfactory epithelium, but they are likely to enter the brain via the olfactory mucosa. [38]